长沙地区县级医院中年慢性病患者健康商数及其影响因素的研究

目的 了解长沙地区县级医院中年慢性病患者健康商数指数及其影响因素,帮助中年人群提升健康自我管理能力.方法 采用随机抽样的方法对长沙地区4所县级医院的808名中年慢性疾病患者进行一般情况和健商问卷调查,所有资料均采用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行分析.结果 （1）健康商数状况调查结果中各维度得分均较低,在相应临界值水平左右,其中自我保健、生活方式、精神状态维度未低于相应临界值,精神状态维度得分相对较高,为（24.73±5.49） 健康知识维度的得分较低,为（21.47±5.89）,甚至低于安全健康商数维度的临界值.（2）不同年龄段、不同家庭住址、不同文化程度、不同体检频度患者在健康商数四个维度的得分均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05） 不同体质指数的患者在健康知识和精神状态维度的得分有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 （1）长沙地区县级医院中年慢性病患者健康商数状况总体不容乐观,尤其是健康知识维度较为薄弱,提示此类患者应成为护理工作针对性健康教育的重点对象,而健康知识普及应成为健康教育的重点内容.（2）年龄段、家庭住址、文化程度和体检频度是住院中年慢性病患者健康商数的重要影响因素,据此可为护理工作中开展个体化的干预策略提供参考依据.

Health Quotient and its influencing factors of middle-age patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha

Objective TO understand the index of Health Quotient (HQ)and the influence factors of middle-aged patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha,so as to help the middle-aged people improve health self-management ability. Methods 808 middle-age patients with chronic illness randomly sampled from 4 different county hospitals of Changsha were investigated subject's individual characteristics and Health Quotient Questionaire,and all data performed by the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) V13.0. Results (1) Among 4 dimensions of HQ,the "mental status" scores highestly,which was ( 24.73±5.49 );"health knowledge" scores lowestly,that was ( 21.47±5.89 ),even below the safety threshold of HQ. ( 2 )There were significant differences in the scores of self-care,health knowledge,life style and mental status among different age group subject,different subject living in urban areas and rural areas,subject with different degrees of education,subjects with different physical examination frequencies (P＜0.05);there were significant differences in the scores of health knowledge and menial status among subjects with different BMI(P＜0.05). Conclusions (1) The Health Quotient of middle-age patients with chonic illness in county hospitals of Changsha was not optimistic,especially for the health knowledge dimension,indicating that these patients should be the focus group for the nursing staff to conduct targeted health education. (2) The important factors influencing the dimensions of Health Quotient of middle-age patients with chronic illness in county hospitals of Changsha were age group,family address,degree of education,frequency of physical examination. According to this,individualized nursing intervention could be developed and performed.