我国饮酒现状及相关问题

近年来,中国的酒消耗量及相关危害增加明显,自2002,中国的啤酒产量成为全球第一。成人人均饮酒量为每年5·4L纯酒精。根据一项WHO资助的研究,15a以上男性、女性三个月饮酒率分别为63·8%和18·3%,整体三个月饮酒者比例为43·5%。饮酒主要表现为急性酒中毒相关的问题,包括暴力、犯罪、经济问题、家庭问题等。饮酒相关的远期问题主要表现为躯体精神问题,公共卫生问题以及社会问题。目前,我国颁布了有关法律、管理条例,以降低酒相关危害,但目前还没有针对酒滥用的预防项目与计划等,这是今后需要急切解决的问题。

DRINKING AND DRINKING-RELATED PROBLEMS IN CHINA

In recent years,the alcohol consumption and related harms are increasing steadily.China has been the largest beer-producing country in the world since 2002.The per capita consumption(adults over 15) was about 5.4 liters.A WHO sponsored study showed that in general population in China aged 15 and above,the proportions of 3-month drinkers were 63.8%,18.3% and 43.8%,for males,females and the total sample,respectively.Given this pattern of drinking,harms associated with intoxication episodes are typically predominated.These harms include violence,crime,economic problems to the drinkers and to others,especially impacts on family.In addition,long term problems such as medical,psychological public health and social consequences are concerned.Nevertheless,only a few studies are available to document these issues in China.At present,some relevant policies and legislations in China have been issued to control drinking-related problems in China.However,there is no national prevention program for reducing drinking-related harm in China.Finally,there is no government sector taking a leading position on the development,implementation and evaluation of alcohol policy or legislation.