建材的天然放射性危害现状分析

目的调查分析室内建材放射性污染的来源、危害及建材产品的天然放射性现状。方法参照国家有关标准对佛山地区部分建材产品的天然放射性核素进行监测。结果大理石、水泥、人造石板均达到A类装修材料标准；花岗岩达到A类标准的占69％，达到B类标准的占19％，符合C类的占2％；瓷砖、瓷砖原材料、卫生洁具中只有少部分产品达到B类或接近C类标准，大部分是A类的。结论建材中含有放射性核素是住房中辐射的主要来源，使用符合卫生标准的建筑材料，室内氡浓度是不会超标的。有关部门加强建材市场各个环节监督，才能减少天然辐射照射。

Natural Radiation Hazards in Construction Materials

[ Objective] To investigate the source and hazards of the radioactive contamination of indoor construction materials and their radiation status. [ Methods] Surveillance was carried out on the natural radioactive dements in the construction products according to the national criteria. [ Results] The quality of marble, concrete and man - made flagstone met the standard of class A for decoration materials; 69%, 19% and 20% of granite reached the standard of class A, B and C respectively; most of the tiles, raw tile materials and hygienic facilitates belonged to class A. [ Conclusion] Radioactive nuclide in the construction materials was the major source of the radiation in houses; supervision should be strengthened on the construction material market to reduce the natural radiation hazards.