557株大肠埃希菌耐药性分析

目的:了解大肠埃希菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)及对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床抗感染治疗提供用药依据。方法:采用头孢他啶与头孢他啶加克拉维酸、头孢噻肟与头孢噻肟加克拉维酸的双纸片确证试验检测ESBLs,采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)检测大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。结果:2007、2008、2009年产ESBLs大肠埃希菌的检出率分别为35.9%、43.7%、46.9%。大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率以头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、呋喃妥因、阿米卡星较低,其余抗菌药物的耐药率在52%以上。结论:我院大肠埃希菌的耐药形势严峻。加强抗菌药物临床应用管理,是提高细菌感染治愈率和控制院内感染、降低细菌耐药性的重要手段。

Drug Resistance of 557 Strains of Escherichia coli

OBJECTIVE：To explore the drug resistance of Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs） to commonly used antibiotics, and to provide reference for clinical anti-infective drug therapy. METHODS： Ceftazidime and ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid, cefotaxime and cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid in the double disk confirmatory test were adopted to detect ESBLs, and K-B disk diffusion assay was used to determine antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli. RESULTS： The detection rates of E.coli ESBLs were 35.9%, 43.7% and 46.9% from 2007 to 2009. Antibiotic resistance rate of E.coli ESBLs to cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, nitrofurantoin and amikacin was low, the rest of antibiotic resistance rate were more than 52%. CONCLUSIONS： Escherichia coli resistance in our hospital is severe. The key to increase the cure rate of bacterial infection, control hospital infection and reduce drug resistance of bacteria is to strengthen management of clinical use of antibiotics.