听觉统合训练对儿童孤独症的近期疗效及康复效果评价

目的研究听觉统合训练（AIT）对儿童孤独症的近期疗效和康复效果。方法选择2009年1月～2012年5月治疗的孤独症患儿86例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各43例。对照组患儿接受综合治疗，观察组患儿在综合治疗的基础上给予AIT治疗。观察比较两组患儿治疗6个月后疗效和康复效果。结果两组治疗前语言交流障碍、部分行为特征分布情况及孤独症行为评定量表（ABC）评分、智商（IQ）评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗6个月后观察组不理解指令62．8％（27／43）1、词汇量少词语混用39．5％（17/43）]、语言障碍48.3％（21／43）16状轻微的患儿比例明显多于对照组37．2％（16／43）、18．6％（8／43）、25．6％（11／43）]，差异均有统计学意义（X^2=5．628、4．568、4．977，P〈0．05）；观察组缺乏模仿性动作39．5％（17／43）]、缺乏想象性游戏14．0％（6／43）]症状轻微的患儿比例明显多于对照组16．3％（7／43）、2.3％（1／43）]，差异均有统计学意义（X^2=5．780、3．888，P〈0．05）；观察组ABC量表评分（68．3±9．1）分]明显低于对照组（75．1±11．6）分]，观察组IQ评分（67．1±12．7）分]明显高于对照组（58．1±14．2）分]，差异均有统计学意义（t=-3．024、3．098，P〈0．05）。结论听觉统合训练可以有效改善孤独症儿童的语言交流障碍和部分行为特征，减轻孤独症症状，促进患儿智力发育，近期疗效可靠。

Short-term efficacy and rehabilitation evaluation of auditory integration training in the treatment of autistic children

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy and rehabilitation evaluation of auditory integration training （AIT） in the treatment of autistic children. Methods 86 cases of autistic children from January 2009 to May 2012 were selected and divided into observation group and control group randomly with 43 cases in each group. Comprehensive treatment was used in control group, comprehensive treatment combined with AIT treatment was used in observa- tion group. Curative effect and rehabilitation efficacy 6 months after the treatment between the two groups were observed and compared. Results The differences of distribution of communicative disorders, part behavior characteristics and ABC scores, IQ scores before the treatment between the two groups were not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. The misunderstanding of the instructions, the lack and misuse of vocabulary words, logopathy in symptoms of mild in observation group 62.8% （27/43）, 39.5% （17/43）, 48.3% （21/43）] 6 months after the treatment were all higher than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant （X^2 = 5.628, 4.568, 4.977, P 〈 0.05）; lack of imitative actions, lack of imaginative play in symptoms of mild in observation group 39.5% （17/43）, 14.0% （6/43）] were all higher than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant （X2 = 5.780, 3.888, P 〈 0.05）; ABC scores in observation group （68.3±9.1） scores] were lower than those in control group, IQ scores in observation group （67.1 ±12.7） scores] were higher than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant （X^2 = 5.780, 3.888,P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Auditory integration training can effectively improve the disorders of verbal corn munication and some typical behavior symptoms, release symptoms of autism, promote the mental development of children.