医学生复原力的民族特征研究

目的了解汉区少数民族医学生与汉族医学生复原力的状况及区别,为有针对性地制定提高医学生复原力水平的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用便利取样法,对中国医科大学225名医学生（少数民族107人,汉族118人）进行大学生复原力问卷的调查。结果少数民族和汉族医学生复原力问卷的评分分别为（114.85±10.40）分和（110.73±12.78）分,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,少数民族医学生在自我接纳、问题解决、家人支持、朋友支持维度上的评分显著高于汉族医学生（P〈0.05）。聚类分析发现,医学生复原力水平可归为四类,其中1类学生在复原力各维度上均处于最高水平,具有较强的复原力,2类和3类学生在各复原力维度上得分处于中等水平,且存在某些得分偏低的维度,4类学生则在复原力的得分处于最低水平。结论教育工作者应针对汉族、少数民族医学生复原力的现状、特点和薄弱环节,展开有针对性的教育,发挥复原力的正性调节作用,帮助医学生在面对困难时有效地调节自我,促进其身心健康发展。

Study on national characteristics of resiliency about medical students

Objective To investigate and compare the resiliency about medical students between the Ethnic Minorities in the living areas of Han Nationality and the Han Nationality, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating inter- ventions to improve medical students＂ resiliency. Methods With the convenience sampling method, the questionnaire surveys were conducted to investigate the resiliency of college students in 225 medical students from China Medical U- niversity （107 of Ethnic Minorities and 118 of Han Nationalities）. Results The overall scores of resilience question- naire were （114.85＋10.40） points and （110.73_＋12.78） points in the Ethnic Minorities in the living areas of Han Na- tionality and the Han Nationalities, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The Ethnic Minorities＇scores were significantly higher than the Han Nationalities＂ in self acceptance, problem solving, family support, friends support （P 〈 0.05）. Cluster analysis found that medical students＂ resilience level can be classified into four cate- gories. All dimensions of 1 were at the highest level, strong resilience. 2 and 3, all dimensions were at the medium level, and there were some low scores of dimensions. All dimensions of 4 were at the lowest level. Conclusion Medical education has its particularity. It＇s quite necessary to take some specific educational reform measures and methods for educators based On the present situation and characteristics about medical students resiliency of Ethnic Minorities and Han Nationalities. To help medical students effectively adjust themselves when facing difficulties, and promote the de- velopment of their physical and mental health.