三白草不同药用部位不同提取物的急性毒性研究

目的探讨三白草提取物对小鼠急性毒性,评价其安全性。方法采用健康昆明种小鼠,灌胃给药三白草不同药用部位不同提取物,三白草地上部分和根茎的95%乙醇提取物给药剂量范围分别为40.00～12.66 g/kg和4.50～1.42 g/kg,观察小鼠的活动和毒性反应,采用改良寇氏法测定半数致死量（LD50）;采用组织切片法观察小鼠的病变部位。结果三白草95%乙醇提取部位为三白草主要毒性部位,而挥发油和水提物基本没有毒性;三白草地上部分和根茎部分95%乙醇提取物的小鼠LD50分别为17.15 g/kg和3.15 g/kg;病变部位为肝细胞轻度变性,而肾脏、胸腺及大脑等其他脏器各组均未见明显病变。结论三白草95%乙醇提取物具有一定的毒性,临床应用时应予以重视。

Studies on the acute toxicity of Saururus chinensis extract from different medicament portions

Objective To study the toxicity of Saururus chinensis（S.chinensis） in mice and evaluate its safety.Methods The S.chinensis extract were given to the Kunming mice by intragastric administration.The Dosages of 95% Ethanol extract of aerial parts and rhizome of S.chinensis were 40.00-12.66 g/kg and 4.50-1.42 g/kg,respectively.The movement and toxic symptoms were observed and the number of dead mice were recorded.LD50 was calculated by improved Karber＇s method.Pathological changes were examined by pathological section.Results The 95% Ethanol extract of S.chinensis was the main toxicity position,while essential oil and water extract of S.chinensis with no toxicity.LD50 of the 95% Ethanol extract of aerial parts and rhizome of S.chinensis were 17.15 g/kg and 3.15 g/kg in mice,respectively.Pathological section indicated that livers in both aerial parts and rhizome of S.chinensis were slightly degeneration,while other organs such as kidney,thymus and cerebrum with no significant pathological changes.Conclusion The 95% Ethanol extract of S.chinensis possesses some toxicity,thus,it should pay more attention to it in clinical application.