武汉城区部分居民支气管哮喘患病调查与危险因素分析

目的 了解武汉城区部分居民支气管哮喘的发病情况及可能的相关因素,为支气管哮喘发病的流行病学研究提供参考。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,抽取武汉城区一居委会700余户居民进行问卷调查。结果 调查样本1082人,支气管哮喘的患病人数35人,现患率3.23％。男性患病率3.59％,女性患病率2.77％。0～14岁年龄组患病率4.76％,15～24岁年龄组患病率2.10％,25～59岁年龄组患病率2.52％,60岁以上年龄组患病率7.89％。有哮喘家族史是发病的高危因素(OR=9.62),同时患有其他过敏性疾病也是发病的重要危险因素(OR=8.27)。一楼居民相对其他楼层发病率高(OR=2.81)结论 武汉城区部分居民的支气管哮喘的发病率为3.23％,其中老年人的发病率最高,儿童次之。发病的危险因素包括遗传背景、居住条件等。

Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Bronchial Asthma in Urban Population of Wuhan

Objective To survey the asthma prevalence and risk factors of asthma in urban residents of Wuhan and to provide a basic consideration for research, preventive and therapeutic policies for control of asthma. Methods Using uniform scheme, procedures and questionnaire, stratified-cluster-disproportion-al-random-sampling survey for the urban residents of Wuhan was performed on the 1082 subjects selected in two residential districts. The lung functions were measured for subjects suspicious for asthma. Results Thirty-five cases (22 males and 13 females) were diagnosed as asthma. The incidence of asthma was 3. 23 % (male 3. 59 % and female 2. 77 %). Two groups with higher prevalence were senile period (age over 60, 7.89 %) and young period (age 0-14, 4.76 %). Risk factors found among 35 asthmatics, persons with heredity background were reported (OR = 9. 62), complicated with other allergic diseases (OR= 8. 27). Living condition such as floors also contributed to the incidence of asthma (OR = 2. 81). Conclusion The investigation basically reflected the true condition of asthma incidence in urban population of Wuhan. The relative data will provide basis for research work concerned and mass prevention and treatment of asthma.