嗅觉味觉功能的临床检测

目的:探讨嗅觉障碍患者嗅觉和味觉功能的改变。方法:284例受试者中,健康人92例,嗅觉功能减退92例,嗅觉功能丧失100例,分别采用T&T、嗅觉事件相关电位(OERPs)及三滴法进行嗅觉和味觉功能检测。结果:T&T结果,嗅觉功能减退和丧失患者跟健康人比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OERPs结果显示,嗅觉功能障碍患者跟健康人比较N1、P2波潜伏期延长且振幅降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三滴法结果显示,嗅觉功能障碍患者跟健康人比较味觉功能有明显减退,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组之间男女比较差异无统计学意义。结论:嗅觉功能障碍患者同时伴有味觉功能的减退,嗅觉和味觉功能的减退与性别关联不大。嗅觉味觉的联合检查可以全面系统反映受试者的化学感觉功能,为临床诊断和治疗提供科学依据。

Clinical examination of olfactory and gustatory function

Objective:To explore changes of olfactory and gustatory functions in patients with olfactory dysfunction.Method:The 284 study subjects included 92 healthy volunteers,92 with hyposmia and 100 with functional anosmia.Their olfactory and gustatory functions were examined using T&T olfactometer,olfactory event-related potentials(OERPs) and triple drop method,respectively.Result:The T&T results showed that the difference between patients with hyposmia and functional anosmia and healthy subjects had statistical significance.The OERPs results showed that patients with olfactory dysfunction had N1 and P2 waves of prolonged latency and reduced amplitude when compared to healthy subjects with the difference of statistical significance.When compared to healthy subjects,patients with olfactory dysfunction had clear hypogeusia and the difference had statistical significance.There was no significan t difference between female and male groups.Conclusion:It is suggested that the apparently concomitant hypogeusia is in patients with olfactory dysfunction.Decreased of olfactory and gustatory function exhibited little or no relationship with gender.Combined examinations of OERPs,T&T and triple drop method,could make it possible to reflect the overall chemical sensory functions in subjects systematically and provide scientific evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment early.