大乌头及藤乌头类乌头的调查鉴定与成分分析

本文报道了民间药大乌头及藤乌头类乌头的植物来源,前者属于乌头属乌头亚属乌头组中的显柱乌头系(Ser Stylosa)类植物,后者系同组的蔓乌头系(Ser Volubulia)类植物,药用部分为其块根。研究了生药中生物碱的高效液相色谱测定方法,用十八烷基键合相柱,以甲醇—水—三乙胺(75:25:0.2)作流动相,各生物碱均能基线分离。分析了属于这类乌头的十二种不同植物品种的生药块根,均含有滇乌碱类生物碱,从化学分类学上证明这两群乌头植物在亲缘关系上有较密切的联系。

BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BIG ACONITES AND VINE ACONITES

The folk medicines, big aconites and vine aconites, are used as substitutes of aconite in the mountain region of north-west China.From phylogeny point of view, the plants of big aconites belong to Ser. Stylosa and those of vine aconites belong to Ser. Volubulia. The dry root of these plants is used as medicine.An HPLC method was developed to evaluate the alkaloidal contents in these drugs. The ethereal extract was chromatographed on an ODS column, using methanolwater-triethylamine (75:25:0.2) as mobile phase. Each alkaloid could be well separated.Twelve aconites from different species were analyzed by this method. The alkaloids were identified and quantified. The results reveal that all of them contain yunaconitin type alkaloids. Ten samples contain yunaconitine, eight samples contain crassicauline A and two samples contain. vilmorrianine A. This means that these plants are phylogeny-phytochemically very closely related.