腹部手术后体液含量与分布的变化及其影响因素

目的 :观察腹部手术后体液含量与分布变化,探讨其变化规律和影响因素。方法 :选择2016年3至6月入住我科的61例病人,利用人体成分分析仪,检测病人术前1天和术后第1、3、5、7天细胞内液(ICW)、细胞外液(ECW)、总体液(TBW)的含量,并依据年龄、性别、手术种类、手术时间、液体净入量分组,分析影响病人体液变化的因素。结果 :与术前1天相比,术后第1天病人ICW、ECW、TBW明显增加(P0.05),且以ECW增加为主,并于术后第3至7天降至术前水平。不同种类手术病人术后第1天体液净增加量不同,女性较男性体液增加多,并且术后第1天体液净增加量与手术时间、液体净入量呈正相关。结论 :腹部手术后早期病人存在体液潴留现象,以ECW潴留为主;手术时间延长、液体净入量增加是术后病人体液潴留的主要影响因素。

Changes and influence factors of body fluid volume and distribution after abdominal surgery

Objective:TThe aim of this study was to observe the changes of the volume and distribution of body fluid after abdominal surgery,and further to explore its characteristics and influence factors.Methods:Sixtyone patients were included between March and June in 2016.The volume of intracellular water (ICW),extracellular water (ECW) and total body water (TBW) was estimated by InbodyS 10 on preoperative day 1 (PreD 1) and postoperative day (POD) 1,3,5 and 7.Furthermore,the patients were grouped according to the age,sex,type of operation,operation time and the daily liquid input,and the influence factors of postoperative fluid volume were analyzed in each subgroup.Results:Comparing to that of PreD1,the ICW,ECW,and TBW,mainly ECW,were increased significantly on POD1 (P＜ 0.05),and the level of postoperative fluid volume was decreased to that of PreD1 between POD3 and POD7.It showed that there was difference in the net increasing of body fluid on POD1 between different type of the patients.Obviously,the net increasing of fluid volume in woman on POD 1 was more than that in man.The net increasing of fluid volume on POD1 was correlated with the operation time and net liquid input.Conclusion:The fluid retention was found in the early stage of postoperative patients,and mainly exists in ECW.The main influence factors resulting postoperative fluid retention were prolonged operation time and increased net fluid input.