内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗20例胃肠道间质瘤

目的探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）治疗胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的疗效和安全性。方法对来源于肌层、内镜超声（EUS）诊断GIST的20例患者应用头端弯曲的针形切开刀进行ESD治疗：（1）黏膜下注射生理盐水；（2）预切开病变周围黏膜；（3）剥离黏膜下层组织显露肌层GIST，一次性完整切除病变。结果共计20例来源于肌层的GIST，其中12例位于胃底，1例位于胃窦，3例位于胃体，4例位于直肠。病变直径0．5—3．2（平均1．6）cm。19例（95．0％）患者的病变全部完整剥离，1例ESD剥离病变后创面仍有肿瘤残留，后行外科手术扩大切除治疗。ESD手术时间60－150（平均87．5）min。全组未出现ESD术后出血。3例（15．0％）ESD治疗中发生穿孔，应用金属夹成功闭合裂孔，均未中转开腹手术修补。术后随访期2—12个月，19例病变完整剥离者未见肿瘤复发。结论ESD治疗小的、来源于肌层的GIST安全、有效，病变可以被完整切除并提供完整的病理学诊断资料。

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a report of 20 cases]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the removal of small gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). METHODS: GIST diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was managed by ESD with the needle knife as follows:(1)Injecting normal saline into the submucosa. (2)Pre-cutting the surrounding mucosa of the lesion. (3) Dissecting the submucosal tissue to display GIST and resecting the lesion completely. RESULTS: Of 20 GISTs, 12 located in gastric fundus, and 1 in gastric antrum, 3 in gastric body and 4 in rectum. Lesion diameter ranged from 0.5 to 3.2 cm and the mean resected size was 1.6 cm. Among 20 lesions, 19 were resected with ESD completely, and 1 received additional operation because of tumor residual in the wound after ESD. The success rate of ESD was 95.0% (19/20). The mean ESD procedure time was 87.5 min (ranging from 60 to 150 min). None of the patients had delayed bleeding after ESD. Perforations occurred in 3 cases after the dissection of the GIST, which were closed with metallic endoclips without additional surgical suture. The perforation rate of ESD was 15.0% (3/20). The follow up ranged from 2 to 12 months, and no recurrence was observed by EUS except the above-mentioned case undergone additional operation. CONCLUSION: ESD is effective and safe for small GIST, which can resect the whole lesion and provide pathological information.