自发性高血压大鼠肾组织损害及Losartan的保护作用

目的：探讨不同时期高血压病与其肾小球损害的联系及Losartan对肾小球损害的影响。方法：以遗传性高血压鼠和正常血压鼠为研究对象，测定不同月龄鼠尾动脉压和肾小球结构的改变，用Losartan治疗5个月后观察其肾小球结构改变。结果：与同龄正常对照组比较，3月龄高血压鼠电镜下已有血管内皮，肾小球基底膜病理学改变并与血压升高相关；8月龄高血压鼠血管内皮和肾小球损害已较前除基底膜增厚，系膜区扩张外还有系膜细胞增生肥大，与血压无显著相关。Losartan治疗后，肾组织结构有所逆转，表现为血管内皮，过度增生肥大的系膜细胞减小，系膜区体密度及细胞外基质明显减小，基底膜厚度接近正常。结论：高血压早期已有肾组织的损害。Losartan减轻高血压与其保护靶器官密切相关。

The SHR Glomerular Lesions and the Protective Effect of Losartan

Objective:To investigate the effect of Losartan on the glomerular impairment at different stages.Methods:The investigation comprised normotensive rats(WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),of which blood pressure and ultrastructural indexes in glomerulus were acquired at three-month old and eightmonth old respectively.Meanwhile,losartan was administrated in treated group for successive 5 months,and the effect was observed.Results:Early lesions of vessel endothelium and glomerular basement membrane in three-month old SHR,are characterized with transmission electronic microscope,and which correlated with blood pressure and impairment of endothelium as well.At eight-month old,with the treatment of losartan,the structural lesions were reduced including decrease in volume density of vessel endothelium(VEd),mesangial cells(MC),mesangial area(MA) and rehabilitation of basement membrane(BM).Conclusions:At the three-month old SHR,the lesions of renal tissues have been occurred,and which can be reversed with treatment in Losartan.