老年病房医院铜绿假单胞菌感染相关因素

目的 研究老年病房院内铜绿假单胞菌(PA)感染相关因素及预防对策。方法 分析近3年内老年病房铜绿假单胞菌感染患者的临床资料，常规痰培养分离鉴定PA，采用K—B纸片法按NCCLS制定的标准进行药敏试验，排定临床常见因素构成比。结果 免疫功能低下，气管切开及机械通气，长期卧床、呼吸道分泌物引流不畅，经鼻留置胃管、长期应用抗生素、H2受体阻滞剂和制酸剂的应用等是住院老年患者反复PA感染的主要因素。结论 控制PA感染的预防对策重要的是减少PA侵袭机会，提高宿主防御机能，合理而有效地使用抗生素，以减少PA感染的发生率和死亡率。

Related Factors of the Infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Preventive Measures in Wards for Elderly Patients

OBJECTIVE To study relative factors of the infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and find out preventive measures in wards for elderly patients. METHODS Relative situation of PA infection of in patients in recent three years was analysed. Routine culture of sputum was used to isolate and identify the bacteria and drug sensitivity test was conducted by K B paper method according to the standard made by NCCLS. Average factors of PA infection were also studied. RESULTS Decreased immunological function, tracheotomy and mechanical breathing, staging in bed for long term and difficult drainage of the secretion of respiratory tract, stomach tube detained through nasal pathway, antibiotic use for a long time, the usage of H 2 acceptor blocking agent and anti acid were primary factors related to the repeated infections of PA in wards for elderly patients. CONCLUSIONS The key points of preventing the infection of PA are to reduce the chances of PA infcction, enforce the preventive ability in patients and use antibiotics rationally. If do so,the ratio of occurrence and the mortality of PA infection will be reduced.