子宫动脉栓塞围介入治疗期硬膜外病人自控镇痛及不同药物配伍的效应

目的 研究子宫动脉栓塞(UAE)围介入治疗期采用硬膜外病人自控镇痛(PCEA)及其不同配伍镇痛效应和不良反应。方法 80例行UAE介入治疗病人(ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级)随机分成四组,RD0组(n=20):采用PCEA法,镇痛药0.2％罗哌卡因(Rop)+0.004％吗啡(Mor),RD1组(n=20):RD0组镇痛药中加入0.005％氟哌利多(Dro);RD2组(n=20):RD0组镇痛药中加入0.01％Dro,RD0～RD2组硬膜外腔穿刺(T11～12)置管后接PCA泵按LCP模式镇痛,即负荷量(6ml)+待续量(2ml/h+PcA剂量(2ml/次),锁定时间10min;C组(n=20,对照):口服尼美舒利或肌注盐酸哌替啶镇痛。双盲观察各组VAS评分、BCS舒适评分、Ramesay评分、术后恢复以及恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等并发症情况。结果 UAE导丝导管操作及栓塞时C组病人盆腔疼痛和继发性痛性痉挛发生率为90％,而RD0～RD2组无此现象;介入治疗后VAS评分、BCS评级、术后恢复时间RD0～RD2组明显优于C组(P<0.05)。PCEA各组病人围介入治疗期均安静合作,精神状态良好,C组病人烦躁不安发生率较多;恶心、呕吐发生率RD0组及C组高于RD1组及RD2组(P<0.05)。结论 UAE围介入治疗期PCEA法镇痛效果明显优于传统用药法,且副反应少,术后恢复快;PCEA配方中适量加入Dro(0.005％)可减少恶心呕吐及皮肤瘙痒。

PECA with ropivacaine and morphine for pain treatment during and after uterine artery embolization

Objective Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a new but well accepted technique for uterine myoma but patients feel severe pain and cramp during and after operation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of PCEA with ropivacaine during and after UAE. Methods Eighty ASA 1 - D patients undergoing UAE were randomly divided into four equal groups with twenty patients in each group: group C received oral nimesulide and/or intramuscular pethidine; in group RD0, RD1 and RD2 patients received PCEA with a mixture of 0.2% ropivacaine + 0.004% morphine. An additional 0.005% (RD1 ) or 0.01 % droperidol (RD2 ) was added to the mixture in group RD1 and RD2 . The PCEA regimen consisted of loading dose 6ml, background infusion 2ml/h, bolus dose 2ml and lockout time 10 min. The VAS pain score, Ramsay score, Bruggman comfort score (BCS) and side effects like nausea, vomiting and pruritus were recorded and compared among the 4 groups. Results Pain and cramp in pelvis were common (90% ) during UAE in group C while the patients in groups RD0, RD1 and RD2 felt no pain and cramp. The patients were quiet and cooperative (Ramsay score 2) in group RD0, RD1 and RD2 while the patients in group C were anxious and agitated. The rate of nausea and vomiting was lower in group RD1 and RD2 than that in group C and RD0. No respiratory depression, hypotension and bradyarrliythmia were observed in the four groups. Conclusion PCEA with ropivacaine and morphine can affectively relieve pain during and after UAE with faster recovery and less side effects. PCEA with moderate droperidol (0.005% ) can reduce the rate of natisea and vomiting.