龈下刮治和根面平整术联合Nd: YAG激光治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效评价

目的 研究龈下刮治和根面平整术（SRP）联合Nd: YAG激光治疗对慢性牙周炎患者的疗效。方法 选择口内有4颗及以上牙齿,探诊深度为4~8 mm的慢性牙周炎患者,研究位点为分布在口内4个不同象限的互不毗邻的单根牙。随机分成4组:对照组（不治疗）、SRP组（单纯SRP）、SRP+L组（SRP后行激光治疗）、L+SRP组（激光治疗后行SRP）。观测时间点为基线（临床处理前）和临床处理后1周、1个月、3个月,比较不同组在不同观测点牙周临床指标和龈下菌群中红色复合体（包括牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌、齿垢密螺旋体）的组成变化。结果 牙周临床指标:SRP、SRP+L、L+SRP组的各项临床指标变化均优于对照组;3个治疗组组间比较,探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着丧失量之间无明显差异（P>0.05）,但在3个月时,L+SRP和SRP+L组的菌斑指数百分比下降较SRP组明显（P<0.05）。微生物检测结果:SRP、SRP+L、L+SRP组龈下菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛斯坦纳菌、齿垢密螺旋体百分比均较基线下降,3个治疗组间也存在一定差异（P<0.05）,但在不同观测时间点的差异不完全相同。结论 慢性牙周炎治疗中,Nd: YAG激光联合SRP治疗较单纯SRP治疗未见明显优势,且Nd: YAG激光和SRP的治疗先后对临床效果也无明显影响;但激光联合SRP治疗可能较单纯SRP更有利于局部菌斑的控制。

Clinical and microbiologic follow-up evaluations after non-surgical periodontal treatment with Nd: YAG laser and scaling and root planning

Objective Our research aimed to detect the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment with Nd: YAG laser and scaling and root planning (SRP) for chronic periodontitis.Methods We recruited chronic periodontitis patients who have more than four teeth with clinical pocket depth of 4–8 mm. These teeth were distributed in four different zones within the oral cavity. Moreover, the teeth were single root teeth and not adjacent to each other. The subordinated teeth were randomized into four groups, as follows: no treatment (C group), simple SRP (SRP group), Nd: YAG laser after SRP treatment (SRP+L group), and SRP after Nd: YAG laser treatment (L+SRP group). The four experimental observation points were as follows: before treatment (baseline) and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment. We measured clinical indicators and collected subgingival deposits in the four time points to analyze changes of red complex in periodontitis.Results The clinical indi-cators were better in all treatment groups than in the control group. Comparison among treatment groups indicated that the value of bleeding on probing, periodontal probing depth,and clinical attachment loss showed no difference. However, the value of plaque index in SRP+L and L+SRP presented a significant reduction at 3 months after treatment. The percentages ofPorphyromonas gingivalis,Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola in all treatment groups decreased after clinical treatment, and differences were observed among the treatment groups at different time points.Conclusion Non-surgical periodontal treatment with SRP and Nd: YAG laser is not more effective than SRP monotherapy. The sequence of laser treatment and SRP has no significant effect on the treatment. However, SRP with Nd: YAG laser was beneficial for plaque control. Non-surgical periodontal treatment with Nd: YAG laser may be used as an alternative to reduce and control the proliferation of microorganisms in persistent periodontitis, but it still needs further verification.