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舟曲泥石流灾后居民健康知识及行为调查
引用本文:钱国宏,朱泽善,金颖,文建强,王冠华,王玉.舟曲泥石流灾后居民健康知识及行为调查[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(8):1091-1092.
作者姓名:钱国宏  朱泽善  金颖  文建强  王冠华  王玉
作者单位:1. 兰州大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生研究所,甘肃兰州730000;甘肃省健康教育所
2. 甘肃省健康教育所
3. 兰州大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生研究所,甘肃兰州,730000
摘    要:目的 了解泥石流灾害发生后灾区居民健康知识、卫生行为掌握情况,为制定系统的灾后健康教育策略提供依据.方法 于2008年8月17-20日采用整群抽样方法抽取灾区15~69岁常住居民1100人进行问卷调查;调查内容包括基本情况、健康知识知晓率、健康行为形成率和获取卫生知识的途径.结果 灾区居民健康知识知晓率为71.64% (788/1 100),其中做饭前洗手的知晓率最高,达91.82%(1 010/1 100);16.6%( 182/1 100)的调查对象直接饮用河水或井水;39% (429/1 100)出现腹泻、发热等症状时就医治疗;19% (209/1 100)感觉自己有心理问题,但未参加过任何相关咨询或辅导;59.1%(650/1 100)在灾害发生后才了解灾后防病知识;52.45%(577/1 100)通过张贴的宣传画和发放的宣传单获得防病知识,27.64% (304/1 100)通过卫生工作者的讲解获得防病知识.结论 灾后居民对防病知识需求较高;灾后卫生防病知识宣传必须及时到位;多种卫生防病知识传播手段,特别是卫生人员开展健康教育更有利于灾区居民健康生活方式形成.

关 键 词:泥石流  灾区居民  健康教育  调查分析

Health knowledge and behavior among rural residents after a heavy debris flow in Zhouqu county,Gansu province
Institution:QIAN Guo-hong*,ZHU Ze-shan,JIN Ying,et al(*Institute of Food and Nutrition,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gamsu Province 730000,China)
Abstract:Objective To explore health knowledge and health behaviors among rural residents after a heavy debris flow and to provide scientific basis for post-disaster health education and intervention strategies.Methods A totol of 1 120 residents aged 15 to 69 years from different villages of Zhouqu county were randomly selected.General conditions,health knowledge and awareness rate,health behavior formation rate,and ways of accessing to health knowledge were investigated with a questionnaire survey.Data were analysed with SPSS 3.0.Results The awareness rate of health knowledge in the residents was 71.64%(827/1 100),in which the awareness rate of washing hands before cook was the highest(91.82%,1 010/1 100).There were 12.00%(132/1 100) of the residents dinking water directly from river or well and 39.00%(429/1100) visiting a doctor when having the symptoms of diarrhea or fever,and 19.00%(209/1 100) not uisiting a psychological doctor when having psychological problems.Totally 59.1%(650/1 100) of the residents got the knowledge of disease prevention after the disaster and 52.45%(577/1 100) acquired disease prevention knowledge through reading posters and issued leaflets,27.64%(304/1100) through listening to explanation of health workers.Conclusion The demand of disease prevention knowledge among the residents in the disaster areas was higher than that before the disaster and the propaganda and education of health and disease prevention should be implemented in time.
Keywords:debris flow  residents in disaster area  health education investigation and analysis
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