2010—2020年科学引文索引中收录分娩镇痛相关文献的计量学分析

目的 通过文献计量学的方法分析和探讨分娩镇痛领域的研究现状、发展趋势和热点。
方法 在Web of Science（WoS）核心数据库中检索2010—2020年发表的分娩镇痛相关文献，采用文献计量学的方法，分析纳入文献的年度发文量、H指数、被引频次、发文国家、发文机构、发文作者、发文期刊、研究方向等基本概况；采用CiteSpace软件对2010—2020年分娩镇痛相关文献的总体特征进行分析。
结果 共纳入文献1 508篇，2010—2020年分娩镇痛相关文献发文量整体呈上升趋势，美国发文量429篇（28.4%），中国发文量165篇（10.9%），中国H指数排名第5、被引频次排名第4。椎管内镇痛技术、镇痛药物的输注模式、静脉分娩镇痛、超声引导下的定位穿刺技术等是近年来的研究热点，而分娩镇痛对产时发热、产后抑郁等的影响也受到关注。
结论 2010—2020年期间分娩镇痛领域发展迅速，美国处于研究领先地位，而我国需在发文量基础上提高论文质量。分娩镇痛新技术及分娩镇痛对母婴短期和长期预后的影响将成为今后研究的焦点。

Bibliometrics analysis of researches on labor analgesia included in Science Citation Index from 2010 to 2020

Objective To analyze and discuss the current research, development trend and hotspot of labor analgesia by using bibliometrics analysis.
Methods Labor analgesia-related articles published from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) core database. Bibliometrics analysis was carried out according to the annual publications, H index, cited frequency, countries, institutions, authors, journals and research directions. The general characteristics of labor analgesia-related articles were analyzed by CiteSpace.
Results A total of 1 508 articles were included, and the number of articles related to labor analgesia showed an overall upward trend from 2010 to 2020. The United States had published 429 papers (28.4%). China had published 165 papers (10.9%) with the H index ranked No.5 and the cited frequency ranked No.4. Intraspinal analgesia technology, infusion mode of analgesic drugs, intravenous labor analgesia and ultrasound-guided puncture technology are the research hotspots in recent years. The effects of labor analgesia on intrapartum fever and postpartum depression are also concerned.
Conclusion The researches of labor analgesia have developed rapidly between 2010 and 2020. The United States is in a leading position in research, while China needs to improve the quality of papers on the basis of the number of articles published. The future research might focus on the emerging techniques and the short-term and long-term outcomes of maternal and newborns.