老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者压力情绪的影响因素

目的 探讨老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者压力情绪影响因素及护理干预的效果.方法 2014年1月至2016年8月按照1:1选取本院收治的80例老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者,应用Zarit护理负担量表对老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者进行调查,分析影响老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者压力情绪相关因素,并对老年痴呆住院患者家属进行护理干预,干预前后应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对家属心理状况进行调查.结果 80例老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者压力情绪评分为48～68分,平均(58.2±3.4)分,影响老年痴呆住院患者压力情绪的因素包括照顾方式、照顾者职业、照顾者受教育程度、照顾者身体健康状况、家庭经济收入、社会支持等.经Logistic多因素分析,照顾方式为独自照顾、照顾者无工作、家庭经济收入＜3000元/月、无获得社会支持是老年痴呆住院患者家庭照顾者压力情绪产生的独立危险因素.经护理干预后,家庭照顾者在躯体化、人际关系敏感、强迫、抑郁、敌对、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等方面评分显著低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 老年痴呆患者家庭照顾者普遍存在照顾压力,尤其是经济压力大,获得社会支持少的家属照顾压力尤为明显,对其进行护理干预可减轻家庭照顾者心理负担,有利于痴呆患者家庭照顾者身心健康.

Influencing factors of stress emotion in caregivers of senile dementia inpatients

Objective To explore the influencing of factors of stress emotion in caregivers of senile dementia inpatients and the effect of nursing intervention.Methods From January,2014 to August,2016,80 senile dementia patients and 80 their caregivers were selected from our hospital.The caregivers were investigated with Zarit Nursing Burden scale;and the influencing factors of their stress emotion were analyzed.Then,the caregivers received nursing intervention.Before and after the intervention,the caregivers' psychological status was evaluated with SCL-90.Results The 80 caregivers' stress emotion score was 48-68,with an average of (58.2±3.4).The influencing factors included care way,caregivers' occupations,caregivers' education levels,caregivers' health status,family income,social support,etc.The Logistic analysis showed that the independent risk factors of the caregivers were caring by themselves,having no job,family income less than 3 000 yuan per month,and no social support.The scores of somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,compulsion,depression,hostility,anxiety,terror,paranoia,psychosis,etc.were lower after than before the intervention in the caregivers (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Caregivers of senile dementia inpatients have pressure,especially economic pressure.And the caregivers without social support have more pressure.Nursing intervention can reduce the caregivers' psychological burden and is good for their psychological and body health.