儿科病房肺炎克雷伯菌呼吸道分离株耐药性分析

目的 了解本院儿科病房肺炎克雷伯菌呼吸道分离株耐药性,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据.方法 应用TDR-300B自动微生物分析系统进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验,采用WHONET5.6对2015年1月至2016年12月本院儿科病房呼吸道标本分离的肺炎克雷伯菌对临床常用的12种抗菌药物的耐药性进行统计分析.结果 儿科病房肺炎克雷伯菌呼吸道分离株对阿米卡星、美罗培南、左氧氟沙星和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的耐药率低(0％～12.2％);对其余8种抗生素耐药率较高(24.5％ ～ 100.0％);2016年分离株对左氧氟沙星耐药率显著高于2015年,而2016年分离株对头孢西丁的耐药率则显著低于2015年.结论 儿科病房肺炎克雷伯菌呼吸道分离株耐药严重,临床工作者应合理应用抗菌药物,延缓耐药菌的产生,并加强细菌耐药监测和医院感染控制措施以防止耐药菌的播散.

Analysis of drug resistance of respiratory tract isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in pediatric ward

Objective To understand the drug resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from respiratory tract of patients in pediatric ward of our hospital,and to provide the information for rational use of antibiotics.Methods TDR-300B automatic microbiological analysis system was used to identify isolates and drug susceptibility test.The drug resistance rates to 12 antibiotics of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from respiratory tract specimens from January 2015 to December 2016 in our hospital were statistically analyzed by WHONET5.6.Results The resistance rates to amikacin,meropenem,levofloxacin,and piperacillin / tazobactam of these Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from respiratory tract specimens in pediatric ward were low (0％-12.2％);the resistance rate to the remaining 8 antibiotics were high (24.5％-100.0％).The resistant rate of isolates to levofloxacin in 2016 was significantly higher than that in 2015,but the resistant rate of isolates to cefoxitin in 2016 was significantly lower than that in 2015.Conclusions Antibiotic resistance of respiratory tract isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in pediatric ward of this hospital is serious,and clinical workers should pay attention to the rational use of antibiotics to suppress the incidence of drug-resistant bacteria,the monitoring of bacterial resistance and the control measures of nosocomial infection are necessary to prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.