重型颅脑损伤营养支持的临床研究进展

重型颅脑损伤(Severe head injury,SHI)主要是指广泛颅骨骨折,广泛脑挫裂伤及脑干损伤或颅内血肿脑部重症疾病.SHI持续意识障碍影响机体代谢反应和胃肠道功能的改变,引起低蛋白血症、负氮平衡、低血糖等并发症,影响患者的免疫功能及预后.研究证实,SHI后营养支持治疗是患者康复的基础.本文综述了重型颅脑损伤后胃肠内营养和胃肠外营养支持的优缺点,并对近年胃肠内营养的制剂研制和应用进展进行重点阐述.

Research progress on nutrition support therapy for patients with severe craniocerebral injury

Severe head injury (SHI) mainly refers to the extensive skull fracture,extensive cerebral contusion and brain stem injury,or intracranial hematoma.SHI's continuous consciousness disorder affects the metabolic reaction and changes of gastrointestinal function in the body,causes hypoalbuminemia,negative nitrogen balance,hypoglycemia,and other complications,and then influences the patients' immune function and prognosis.Studies have confirmed that nutrition support therapy is the basis of rehabilitation for patients with SHI.This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of enteral and parenteral nutrition support after severe craniocerebral injury,and then discusses the development and application of the preparation and application of gastrointestinal nutrition in recent years.