我院住院患者医院感染现患率调查与分析

目的通过调查医院感染现患率,了解我院感染发生的特点及管理存在的问题,为改进医院感染预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方法,对本院2010年7月3日住院患者的感染情况进行横断面调查。结果共调查患者988例,发现医院感染31例（3.14%）,36例次（3.64%）;感染部位依次为下呼吸道（48.39%）、泌尿道（16.13%）、上呼吸道（9.68%）、皮肤与软组织（9.68%）、其他部位（9.68%）及胃肠道（6.45%）。医院感染现患率较高的科室为重症监护室（33.33%）、神经外科（16.67%）、肿瘤科（8.65%）、康复科（6.78%）及血液科（5.88%）。分离出病原菌10株,其中,革兰阴性菌7株（大肠埃希菌2株、铜绿假单胞菌2株、鲍曼不动杆菌2株、其他假单胞菌1株）,真菌3株。我院抗菌药物使用率为54.86%。结论重症监护室、神经外科、肿瘤科是我院医院感染现患率较高的科室,须重点监测,同时,应加大对高危部位感染的监测,合理使用抗菌药物,以控制感染的发生。

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of inpatients nosocomial infection in our hospital

Objective To understand the characteristics of nosocomial infection and the management problems by investigating the prevalence rate of inpatients nosocomial infection in our hospital,in order to provide basis for improving the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection.Methods The infection situation of inpatients on July 3,2010 in our hospital was investigated by the method of bedside investigation combined with medical records investigation.Results Among the 988 cases of patients who were investigated,nosocomial infection was found in 31 cases(3.14%),36 person-times(3.64%).The infection parts were lower respiratory tract(48.39%),urinary tract(16.13%),upper respiratory tract(9.68%),skin soft tissue(9.68%),other parts(9.68%) and gastrointestinal tract(6.45%).Departments with high prevalence rates were intensive care unit(33.33%),neurosurgery department(16.67%),oncology department(8.65%),rehabilitation department(6.78%) and hematology department(5.88%).10 strains of pathogenic bacteria were separated,7 strains of G-bacteria(2 strains of Escherichia coli,2 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa,2 strains of acinetobacter baumannii and 1 strain of other pseudomonas) and 3 strains of fungi were included.The antimicrobial drug application rate was 54.86% in our hospital.Conclusion The departments with high nosocomial infection prevalence rates in our hospital are ICU,neurosurgery department and oncology department,which need close monitoring.Monitoring of high-risk infection parts and rational application of antibiotics should be strengthened to control infection.