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Overview and update on molecular testing in non-small cell lung carcinoma utilizing endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) samples
Authors:María Jesús Fernández Aceñero MD  PhD  Cristina Díaz del Arco CDdA  MD  Carme Dinarés CD  MD   PhD  Tania Labiano TL  MD  Eva Tejerina ET  MD   PhD  Mª José Bernabé MJ B  MD  Elena Forcen EF  MD  Melchor Saiz-Pardo MSP  MD  Pablo Pérez PP  MD  Maria D. Lozano MDL  MD   PhD
Affiliation:1. Departments of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Surgical Pathology, Valld'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain;3. Department of Surgical Pathology, Clínica Universitaria of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain;4. Department of Surgical Pathology, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain;5. Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
Abstract:
Lung carcinoma remains one of the most frequent and aggressive human neoplasms. Fortunately, in the last decades, the increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer development has allowed the use of targeted therapies with improvement of prognosis in many patients. Clinical management has also changed after the introduction of endobronchialultrasonographic bronchoscopy that allows a conservative staging of lung tumors, avoiding the need of mediastinoscopy for lymph node staging. Lung pathologists and cytopathologists are facing the challenge of giving the more comprehensive prognostic and predictive information with ever smaller tissue or cytological samples. The aim of this review is to summarize the molecular testing for non-small cell lung carcinoma and how pathologists can contribute to the patient's outcome with a conscious management of biological samples.
Keywords:endobronchial ultrasonographic broncoscopy  molecular pathology  non-small cell lung carcinoma  targeted therapies
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