Creatinine: From physiology to clinical application |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States;2. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States;3. Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States;4. King''s College London, Guy''s & St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Estimating static kidney function accurately and detecting changes in kidney function in a timely fashion are challenging but critically important tasks. Serum creatinine is the most widely used functional biomarker of the kidney. However, its use is associated with substantial shortcomings. Understanding these shortcomings is critical in allowing accurate interpretation of creatinine values and translating them into changes in kidney function. In this review, the pathways involved in creatinine generation and metabolism as well as the techniques involved in measuring creatinine concentrations are discussed. This allows for the discussion of the value and pitfalls in using creatinine as a marker of kidney function. In addition, information regarding alternative functional biomarkers of the kidney is provided. |
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