血管内皮生长因子在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变中的作用

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（proliferative vitreoretinopathy，PVR）发病机制尚未完全明确。大量研究证实血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）在 PVR 视网膜前增生膜组织及玻璃体中表达增高；在动物模型中，抗 VEGF 治疗可有效防止 PVR 的发生发展。VEGF 促进 PVR发展的机制可能在于 VEGF 竞争性地抑制血小板源性生长因子（platelet-derived growth factor，PDGF）结合血小板源性生长因子受体α（platelet-derived growth factor receptor α，PDGFR-α），从而促进非血小板源性生长因子（non-PDGFs）活化 PDGFR-α，激活 PI3K／Akt 信号通路，减少 p53基因的表达。（国际眼科纵览，2016，40：192-196）

Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in proliferative vitreoretinopathy

The pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)is not totally clear.Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)was demonstrated to be increased in vitreous and epiretinal membranes of patients with PVR and animal PVR models.In animal PVR models,anti-VEGF therapy could effectively prevent the development of PVR.The mechanism of VEGF promoting the development of PVR may be that VEGF competes with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)for binding to platelet-derived growth factor re-ceptor α(PDGFR-α).VEGF therefore increases the pool of monomeric PDGFR-αavailable to be indirectly activated by growth factors outside PDGF (non-PDGFs),stimulating signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, which reduces the level of p53.(Int Rev Ophthalmol,2016,40:192-196)