葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏在输血医学及造血干细胞移植中的潜在风险

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏为人类最常见的酶缺乏,全球约有4亿人罹患不同程度G6PD缺乏,我国亦属高发地区.G6PD缺乏患者的红细胞不能有效抵御氧化损伤,在氧化剂药物的作用下或机体发生感染时可诱发溶血.目前,全球尚无国家或地区对健康献血者进行常规G6PD缺乏筛查,但有文献报道输注G6PD缺乏献血者的红细胞引发受血者溶血等不良事件.笔者拟就G6PD缺乏在输血医学及造血干细胞移植(HSCT)中的潜在风险进行综述.

Potential risks of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in transfusion medicine and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzyme deficiency.There are about 400 million people worldwide suffer from different degree of G6PD deficiency,and China is one of high-prevalence area of G6PD deficiency.Red blood cells in G6PD deficiency patients respond less well to oxidative stress,thereby hemolysis can be induced by receiving oxidative medications or infections.Although it is not routine practice to screen healthy blood donors for G6PD deficiency on a global scale,case reports identified transfusion of red blood cells of G6PD deficiency donors as causes of hemolysis and other adverse events in patients.In this review,we summarize the potential risks of G6PD deficiency in transfusion medicine and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).