男性盆腔器官群实体模型的研制与实验研究

目的 在前列腺穿刺手术中,穿刺针和组织器官的变形会对手术精度产生很大影响.因此深入的穿刺实验研究和大量的手术训练对于提高手术治疗效果十分必要.为了便于实验研究及手术训练的开展,笔者研制了男性盆腔器官群实体模型,并进行了相应的实验研究.方法 根据人体核磁共振扫描图像进行盆腔器官群三维重建后,设计单体器官模具.采用一种新型聚乙烯醇(PVA)水凝胶,通过调整其成分配比及制作工艺得到满足不同组织生物力学特性的仿生材料,分别制作相应的单体器官模型;将单体器官依据人体解剖学结构进行装配,并模拟人体盆腔内环境;最后以制作完成的器官群模型进行穿刺力和穿刺变形实验.结果 穿刺力实验数据表明此模型对器官群模型的力学特性符合实际手术中穿刺力的变化规律.穿刺变形实验中,通过超声图像可清晰显示出穿刺针和组织器官的形变,说明器官群模型具有较好的超声成像效果.结论 男性盆腔器官群实体模型能够满足穿刺实验研究以及穿刺手术训练的需求,可为进一步提高穿刺手术的精度及穿刺手术的推广奠定基础.

Development and experimental research on the physical model of male pelvic organ group

Objective To develop the physical model of male pelvic organ group and conduct corresponding prostate puncture experiments.Because sufficient research and plenty of surgical training is very important for improving the surgical treatment effect of prostate puncture surgery,in which the deformation of needle and tissue has significant influences on surgical precision.Methods Based on the magnetic resonance images,the 3D reconstruction of human pelvic organs group was performed,and then the monomer organ moulds were designed.The monomer organ models were made by a new type of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel which is a biomimetic material and can simulate biomechanical properties of different tissues by adjusting the proportion of components.The monomer organ models were assembled to simulate the internal environment of pelvic cavity based on the human anatomical structure,and the experiments of insertion force and deformation were conducted.Results The results of insertion force experiments indicated that the mechanical properties of the proposed model of pelvic organ group were coincident with the force variation in real surgury.During the insertion deformation experiments,the deformation of needle and organs could be clearly observed in the ultrasound images,which indicates that the pelvic organ group has good ultrasonography compatibility.Conclusions The proposed physical model of male pelvic organ group can meet the requirements of experiment research and surgical training of prostate puncture,which provides foundation for improving precision and popularization of puncture surgery.