肠道菌群和心血管疾病的免疫调节

心血管疾病是人类健康的第一杀手,发病率和死亡率逐年增加。数万亿微生物寄居于人类肠道,在心血管疾病及其相关的代谢、免疫反应中发挥着至关重要的作用。先天性和适应性免疫机制都参与了心血管疾病的发生发展,菌群组分和代谢产物可调节巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等免疫细胞的分化及功能,并通过循环系统影响机体免疫稳态。本文将通过肠道菌群及其代谢产物与免疫系统的相互作用,讨论肠道菌群与心血管疾病发展之间潜在的免疫机制,为预防和治疗心血管疾病提供新思路。

Gut microbiota and immune regulation of cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the number one killer worldwide, and the morbidity and mortality significantly increased. Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the human gut and play crucial roles in metabolism, immunity and responses to diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between cardiovascular diseases and gut microbiota. Both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms can affect the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. The specific components and metabolites of gut microorganisms can regulate the differentiation and function of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as influence the immune homeostasis through circulatory system. This review discusses the potential immune mechanisms between the gut microbiota and the development of cardiovascular diseases through the interaction of the gut microbiota and its metabolites with the immune system, which provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.