Adaptive NK cell response to human cytomegalovirus: Facts and open issues |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM). Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Medicine and Life Sciences. Univ. Pompeu Fabra. Barcelona, Spain;3. Division of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy;4. Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;5. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERonc), Spain;6. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;7. Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;8. Immunogenetics & Histocompatibility Lab, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro - Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection exerts broad effects on the immune system. These include the differentiation and persistent expansion of a mature NK cell subset which displays a characteristic phenotypic and functional profile hallmarked by expression of the HLA-E-specific CD94/NKG2C activating receptor. Based on our experience and recent advances in the field, we overview the adaptive features of the NKG2C+ NK cell response, discussing observations and open questions on: (a) the mechanisms and influence of viral and host factors; (b) the existence of other NKG2C- NK cell subsets sharing adaptive features; (c) the development and role of adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells in the response to HCMV in hematopoietic and solid organ transplant patients; (d) their relation with other viral infections, mainly HIV-1; and (e) current perspectives for their use in adoptive immunotherapy of cancer. |
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| Keywords: | NK cells NKG2C Cytomegalovirus Infection Transplantation Cancer |
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