甘肃省公众结核病防治知识知晓率调查分析

目的　了解甘肃省公众结核病防治知识知晓率,为更有效地开展结核病防治健康促进工作提供依据,为开展结核病健康促进效果评价提供基线资料。方法 采用分层整群抽样,将甘肃省87个县按照GDP排序,分好中差三层,利用随机数字法,在每层中随机抽取2个县,每县抽取2乡,每乡抽取3村,每村抽取100户,每户抽取2人(选择户中出生月日和调查月日最近者),每县最后入选的1200人作为最终的调查对象。对8条核心信息进行问卷调查。结果 合格调查问卷7015份。通过家人、同事、村卫生室/社区卫生服务站医生和乡卫生院/社区卫生服务中心医生是获取肺结核病相关知识或政策为主要途径。核心信息全部知晓率2.2%,核心信息总知晓率为54.2%,3条主要核心信息全部知晓率20.2%,对2条主要核心信息全部知晓率23.1%。城区公众和农村公众对核心信息总知晓率分别为72.8%、53.6%,经统计学检验有显著性差异(χ²=165.04,P<0.01)。不同地区人群对结核病核心信息总知晓情况有显著性差异(χ²=9466.00,P<0.01),不同职业人群对结核病核心信息总知晓情况有显著性差异(χ²=395.50,P<0.01)。结论 甘肃省公众结核病知识知晓率还比较低,不同地区知晓水平不平衡,应重点加强偏远农村和学校结核病防治健康教育工作。

Survey on awareness rate of tuberculosis control and prevention in the resident of Gansu Province

Objective To understand awareness rate of tuberculosis control and prevention in the resident of Gansu Province,to provide control strategy and emphasis for further health promotion,and to provide baseline material for the evaluation of project in the end.Methods Multilevel stratified random sampling were used.Ranked according to GDP,87 counties were,stratified into three groups.Using the random number method,2 counties were randomly sampled in each group,2 townships were randomly sampled in each county,3 villages were randomly sampled in each township,100 households were sampled in each village,and finally 1 200 people were enrolled as research targets.Questionnaire survey was adopted.Results 7 015 eligible questionnaires were collected.The main source to attain TB knowledge included family member,colleague and doctor at village or township level.The awareness rate to all core information of the mass is 2.2%,the total awareness rate to core information of the mass is 54.1%,the awareness rate to 3 core information of the mass is 20.2%,the awareness rate to 2 core information of the mass is 23.1 %.The total awareness rate to core information in urban and rural areas are respectively 72.8% and 53.6%,which is significantly different(χ²=165.04,P<0.01).The difference of the total awareness rate of core information between the different occupations and different areas is significant(χ²=395.50,P<0.01 and χ²=9 466.00,P<0.01).Conclusions The TB knowledge awareness rate of the mass is still low and uneven across different areas.Health education on TB should take the remoted villages and schools as priorities.