Effect of light and vigorous physical activity on balance and gait of older adults |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy;2. CONI Italian National Olympic Committee, Sardinia, Italy;1. Program in Physical Therapy, Mayo School of Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA;2. Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;1. Eastern Health Authority, St. John''s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada;2. Recovery and Performance Laboratory, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John''s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada;3. School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John''s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada;1. Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, South Korea;3. Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University – Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Sichuan, China;2. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to quantitatively assess the effects of vigorous and light physical activity (VPA, LPA) on static balance, gait and sit-to-stand (STS) tasks in a cohort of healthy older adults.To this end, 34 individuals of age >65 years were divided into two groups (n = 17 each) who underwent 36 sessions (3 × 12 weeks) of PA characterized by different levels of intensity, assessed through continuous heart rate monitoring during the training session. Their balance and mobility were objectively evaluated on the basis of postural sway and time of STS measurements performed using a force platform. The main spatiotemporal parameters of gait (i.e. speed, stride and gait cycle duration, stance, swing and double support phase duration) were also acquired using a wearable inertial measurement unit.The results show that most gait parameters and STS time significantly improve in the VPA group but not in the LPA one. For the latter group a reduction only of swing phase duration was detected. PA also induced a generalized reduction of postural sway in both groups in the case of absence of visual input.These findings suggest that PA programs characterized by superior levels of intensity might be more suitable in generally improving static and dynamic daily motor tasks, while in terms of static balance acceptable results can be achieved even when only light activity is performed. |
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| Keywords: | Physical activity Gait Balance Postural sway Elderly |
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