妊娠期维生素D水平与母婴结局的相关性

[目的] 探讨妊娠期妇女血清维生素D(VD)水平与母婴结局的相关性.[方法] 选择2015年1月至2016年1月在本院行产检的中晚期妊娠孕妇100例(观察组),另外选择同期健康体检正常女性(非妊娠)60例(对照组),采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组血清25羟维生素D3[25(OH)D3] 水平,观察组根据25(OH)D3水平将其分为缺乏组、不足组与正常组,比较各组母婴结局.[结果] 观察组血清平均25(OH)D3水平为(42.58±11.34)nmol/L,显著低于对照组的(53.36±10.82)nmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组中VD正常组、不足组、缺乏组胎儿窘迫(3.85% vs 11.67% vs 35.71%)、流产(3.85% vs 10.00% vs 35.71%)、细菌性阴道病(0.00% vs 10.00% vs 28.57%)、分娩孕周[(39.50±1.42)vs(38.10±2.00)vs(37.28±0.50)周] 比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),各组妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、剖宫产、贫血、新生儿出生体质量、身长及头围比较差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05).[结论] 妊娠期妇女血清VD不足或缺乏会增加胎儿窘迫、流产及细菌性阴道病发生风险,明显缩短分娩孕周,但妊娠期VD水平与新生儿出生体格生长无关.

Study on the Relationship between Vitamin D Intake during Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

[Objective]To investigate the relationship between vitamin D (VD) intake during pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes.[Methods]One hundred pregnant women in middle-late pregnancy, who received antenatal care in our hospital between January 2015 and January 2016, were selected as the observation group while 60 non-pregnant healthy women were selected as the control group at the same time period.The levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3]were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.According to the levels of 25(OH)D3, women in the observation group were divided into the deficient group, the insufficient group and the normal sub groups.The maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared among these groups.[Results]The average level of serum 25(OH)D3 in the observation group was [(42.58±11.34) nmol/L], which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(53.36±10.82) nmol/L](P<0.05).The VD normal group, deficient group and insufficient group showed incidence rates of fetal distress to be 3.85%, 11.67% and 35.71% respectively, abortion to be 3.85%, 10% and 35.71% respectively, bacterial vaginosis to be 0.00%, 10.00% and 28.57% and gestational age to be (39.50±1.42), (38.10±2.00) and (37.28±0.50) respectively.Those differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean section, anemia, neonatal birth weight, height and head circumference among these groups (P>0.05).[Conclusion]VD insufficiency or deficiency during pregnancy will increase the risk of fetal distress, abortion and bacterial vaginosis as well as significantly shorten the gestational age.The level of VD during pregnancy has nothing to do with the growth of newborns.