人类轮状病毒感染新生小鼠肠道外组织的病理变化

目的了解人类轮状病毒(RV)全身扩散后对机体的影响,为临床的防治提供有价值参考。方法选用对人类RV敏感的健康新生昆明小鼠,经灌胃与腹腔注射两种途径接种RV,3d后处死小鼠,光镜下观察各脏器病理变化;电镜下观察肝脏的病理变化;各脏器原位杂交,原位PCR检测RV,并与健康小鼠比较。结果光镜下:RV口服组小肠绒毛、胃固有层、心肌细胞有改变;RV腹腔注射组除上述改变外,肝,肾也有改变;电镜下:肝细胞线粒体肿胀、凝集病变尤为明显,细胞核固缩-崩解,粗面内质网扩张,肝细胞中存在大量脂滴和空泡;毛细胆管明显扩张,微绒毛脱落。原位杂交:RV口服组小肠上皮细胞,RV腹腔注射组肠、肾近曲小管上皮细胞呈阳性;原位间接PCR:RV口服组小肠绒毛、肠腺细胞、肾近曲小管和集合管上皮细胞呈阳性,RV腹腔注射组肠、肾、肝、心脏、胰呈阳性。结论RV一旦向全身扩散,可侵犯除肠之外的多个器官组织,提示人类RV也可能具有一定的泛嗜性。

Pathological changes of extra-intestinal infection in newborn mice infected with human rotavirus

To understand the effect of spreading of rotavirus (RV) to the whole body in order to provide some references to the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of extra-intestinal RV infection, RVs were inoculated via oral route and injected to the newborn mice intra-abdominally. The pathological changes of the newborn mouse model infected with human RV were observed by means of light and transmission electron microscopy, and the direct evidence of RV infection could be demonstrated by in situ hybridization and PCR assay. It was found that pathological changes could be demonstrated in villi of small intestine, lamina propria of stomach and myocardial cells in case of mice orally administrated with RV, while in case of mice intra-abdominally injected with RV, pathological changes could be demonstrated also in liver and kidneys in addition to the changes mentioned above. Under electron microscopy, the pathological changes in liver cells included marked swelling and agglutination of mitochondria, pyknosis or collapse of cell nucleus, dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the presence of large amount of fat droplets and vacuoles in liver cells. In addition, obvious dilatation of cholangioles and shedding of microvilli in cholangioles could be demonstrated . The positive results to detect RV by in situ hybridization appeared in the intestinal villi of mice taken orally, but they appeared in the intesitnal villi and the proximal convoluted tubules in kidneys of mice injected with RV abdominally. Meanwhile, the positive results revealed by indirect in situ PCR appeared in the intestinal villi, glandular cells of intestine, epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules and collecting tubes in kidneys of mice token RV orally, but they appeared in the intestinal villi as well as in liver, kidneys, heart and pancreas of mice injected with RV abdominally. It is concluded that the human RV infection can cause damages in a lot of internal organs of the infected mice, once RVs spread into the whole body.