8 375例泌尿生殖道支原体感染状况及耐药性分析

目的探讨泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体（UU）和人型支原体（MH）感染发生率,分析其对抗菌药物的耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法使用商品化试剂盒对8375例泌尿生殖道感染患者进行支原体培养鉴定和药敏试验。结果 8375例患者中检出支原体2858例,阳性率34.13%,其中UU阳性患者2358例（28.16%）,MH阳性患者107例（1.28%）,UU和MH混合感染患者393例（4.69%）;女性患者支原体阳性率为44.63%,明显高于男性患者的14.67%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;UU感染者对环丙沙星耐药率最高为69.42%,其次是左氧氟沙星为38.35%;MH感染者对红霉素的耐药率最高为86.37%,其次是克拉霉素为80.67%;UU与MH混合感染者对克拉霉素的耐药率最高为87.54%,其次是罗红霉素为86.02%。结论泌尿生殖道支原体感染及耐药状况日益严峻,对泌尿生殖道感染患者应及时进行支原体培养鉴定和药敏试验,定期监测支原体的耐药性变迁,指导临床合理选用抗菌药物。

Analysis of 8 375 cases of genitourinary tract infections by mycoplasma and their drug resistance

Objective To investigate the infection and the extent of drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum （UU） and Mycoplasma hominis（MH） isolated from genitourinary tract in our hospital, and to provide guidance for a reasonable application of antibiotics. Method The mycoplasma cultivation and commercial kit for drug susceptibility test were performed in 8 375 patients with genitourinary tract infection. Results The total positive rate of mycoplasma infection was 34.13% （2 858/8 375）. The positive rate of UU, MH, and UU＋MH was 28.16% （2 358/8 375）, 1.28% （107/8 375）, and 4.69 （393/8 375）, respectively. The mycoplasma infection rate in male was 14.67% （431/2 937）, and the rate in female was 44.63% （2 427/5 438）. The drug resistant rate of UU to ciprofloxacin was highest （69.42%）, followed by levofloxacin （38.35%）. The drug resistance of MH to erythromycin was highest （86.37%）, followed by clarithromycin （80.67%）. The drug resistant rate of infection with both UU and MH to clarithromycin was highest （87.54%）, followed by roxithromycin （86.02%）. Conclusions The infection status and drug resistance of genitourinary tract mycoplasma were serious. It is important to culture mycoplasma and test the drug resistance beforen the application of antibiotics.