扩张皮肤软组织修复缺损中菱形皮瓣的应用

目的 探讨菱形皮瓣设计对扩张皮瓣中问松弛部分的充分利用.方法扩张后的皮肤软组织在设计旋转皮瓣修复缺损时,如果中间松弛部分不能充分利用.在旋转皮瓣上再次设计菱形皮瓣来充分利用扩张后的皮肤软组织,菱形皮瓣的尖部设计在扩张最充分部分,皮瓣蒂部设计在旋转皮瓣的切口侧,要注意保证菱形皮瓣与旋转皮瓣形成的复合皮瓣的长度与蒂的宽度比例在2.5:1.0.结果 11例在旋转皮瓣上再次设计菱形皮瓣,复合皮瓣的长宽比例最大达到3:1,多数在2.5:1.0.皮瓣全部存活,有1例皮瓣尖部小面积血运障碍,1例菱形皮瓣尖部早先轻度淤血.结论 该设计较充分、合理的利用了扩张后的皮肤软组织,最大可能的修复了缺损.复合皮瓣设计,一是注意长宽比例,二是尽量选择蒂部有知名血管的轴型皮瓣以策安全.只要设计合理,该方法是安全的,值得推广.

Application of rhomboid skin flap in expanded skin flap transfer

Objective To explore the use of rhomboid skin flap in expanded skin flap transfer. Methods A rhomboid skin flap was designed if the top soft part could not be fully utilized after expanded in a rotation skin flap. The flap pedicels were designed near the incision side. It should be ensured that ra-tio of the length to the width of the composite flap, which was composed of the rhomboid skin flap and the rotation skin flap, was 2.5∶1.0. Results Among these 11 patients with re-designed rhomboid skin flaps in the rotation skin flaps, the ratio of the length to the width reached to 3∶1 in some cases, but 2. 5∶1.0 in most cases. All the skin flaps survived, except one patient with disturbance of blood circulation in a small area and one with mild congestion. Conclusion The expanded soft tissue can be fully and rationally utilized to repair the skin defect in this design. Attention should be paid to the ratio of the length to the width of the composited flap, and it is better to select axial flap as the composite flap for safety. This method is safe, and worthy of recommendation.