经颅彩色多普勒超声在诊断颅内动脉狭窄中的应用

目的探讨经颅彩色多普勒超声（TCCD）在颅内动脉狭窄诊断中的价值。方法对30例疑有颅内动脉狭窄的患者应用TCCD观察颅内各动脉的形态、走行，应用频谱多普勒测量各条血管的血流参数，包括收缩期峰值流速、舒张末流速、平均流速、阻力指数，并与数字减影血管造影（DSA）结果进行对比分析。结果16例TCCD诊断为颅内动脉狭窄，14例经DSA证实。TCCD诊断颅内动脉狭窄的特征是狭窄处彩色血流束变细，典型者呈“束腰征”；频谱多普勒显示狭窄处血流速度异常增高，频谱形态呈湍流，同时音频信号响亮。狭窄严重者彩色血流束连续性欠佳或者中断，血流速度不增快或者明显减低。血管闭塞者血流不显示。结论TCCD对于颅内动脉狭窄具有一定的诊断价值，可作为早期筛检性诊断方法。

Application of transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cerebral artery stenosis

Objective To investigate the value of the transcranial color Doppler ultrasonography(TCCD) in diagnosing the cerebral artery stenosis. Methods Thirty patients who had been highly suspected cerebral arterial stenosis were detected by TCCD. The shape and courser of every cerebral artery were observed. Hemodynamic parameters such as systole peak velocity,diastole end velocity,mean velocity and resistance index were measured. All results were compared with digital subtract angiography(DSA). Results Sixteen patients were diagnosed cerebral arterial stenosis by TCCD. Fourteen of 16 cases were confirmed by DSA. According to the TCCD, the characteristic imaging of cerebral artery stenosis was that the blood flow beam became narrow and looked like girdling. The velocity of the foci increased abnormally. The frequency spectrum of the stenotic vascular showed turbulence, meanwhile noise accompanied. The severe stenosis showed uncontinuity of the blood flow beam. The velocity of the foci was not increased or decreased obviously. The blood flow beam of the occlusive artery can not been seen. Conclusions TCCD is of value in diagnosing the cerebral artery stenosis and can be considered as a diagnostic method of early screening.