ELISA法检测SARS病毒特异性抗体

目的:研究SARS患者特异性抗体IgG、IgM动态变化规律,评价应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在SARS诊断中的可靠性,为科学地防治SARS提供理论依据。方法:采用ELISA方法检测不同发病时间的临床确诊SARS病人234例420份血清,疑似病例127例和其他人群200例的血清SARS病毒抗体,并对45例SARS病人进行了长达1.5a的追踪。结果:在发病10d内抗体的阳性率较低,10d后阳性率较高;IgM的灵敏度是52.80%,特异性是99.40%,符合率78.82%。IgG的灵敏度是73.23%,特异性是98.10%,符合率87.15%。IFA法与ELISA法检测血清抗体的比较,IgM的符合率是68.60%,IgG的符合率是76.74%。对45例SARS患者追踪1.5a,SARS-IgG抗体的滴度仍维持较高的水平。结论:ELISA法适合于SARS发病10d后作为实验室辅助诊断方法。但对弱weak阳性的患者要注意追踪,排除假阳性。

The Detection and Trace of SARS Coronavirus Antibodies

Objective To study the development change rules of specific SARS Coronavirus antibody IgG、IgM of SARS patients, evaluate the reliability of ELISA application in diagnosis of SRAS, supply scientific theory to prevent and cure patients with SARS.Methods The antibodies of SARS Coronavirus in sick sera of 234 clinical probable cases of SARS at different episode time, 127 suspect cases and 200 cases of other populations were detected by ELISA,and trace the antibodies of 45 SARS patients for one and an half of years.Results The positive rate of SARS Coronavirus antibodies in serum was low within 10 days of episode time,and it would become higher after 10 days of episode time; the sensitivity、specificity and coincident rate of IgM was 52.80%、99.40% and 78.82%.The sensitivity、specificity and coincident rate of IgG was 73.23%、 98.10% and 87.15%.Comparison IFA with ELISA,the coincident rate of IgM was 68.60% and it was 76.74% of IgG. Traced the antibodies of 45 SARS patients for one and an half of years and found that the concentration of SARS-IgG antibody still maintained at high level.Conclusions ELISA could be used as one assistant mean to lab diagnosis of SARS after 10 days of episode time. And it was necessary to pay attention to trace the patients whose antibodies were weak positive for eliminating false positive.