Endometrial stromal tumors: Diagnostic updates and challenges |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390 USA;2. Department of Pathology, Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;4. Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;1. Department of Pathology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC;2. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;3. Department of pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus OH;1. Department of Anatomical Pathology, Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore;1. Office of Planning, Research, and Institutional Effectiveness, Cañada College, Redwood City, CA 94061, United States of America;2. Pathology and Laboratory Services, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States of America;3. Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America;4. Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States of America;1. Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, United States;1. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5200 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas TX 75235, USA;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;3. Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;1. Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;2. Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, 200 Jeanette Lancaster Way, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA |
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| Abstract: | Endometrial stromal tumors are rare uterine mesenchymal tumors of endometrial stromal origin. They are classified into endometrial stromal nodule, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma by the current (2020) WHO classification. Correct diagnosis of endometrial stromal tumors is critical for proper patient management. However, due to infrequent encounters, overlapping morphological features and immunohistochemical profiles, the differential diagnoses among endometrial stromal lesions and their morphologic mimics are often challenging. Partially with our own experience, here we review and summarize the tumor morphology, immunohistochemical phenotype, as well as molecular feature of endometrial stromal tumors and key differential diagnoses, emphasizing the newest developments and their utilization in daily practice. |
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