Cardiac functional imaging |
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| Institution: | 1. Radiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, 185, Rue Raymond Losserand, 75014, Paris, France;2. Cardiology Department, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, 185, Rue Raymond Losserand, 75014, Paris, France;3. Nuclear Medecine Department, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877, Paris, France;1. ENETS Center of Excellence for Neuroendocrine and Endocrine Tumors, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;2. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;3. Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;1. Surgery Department, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico;2. Gastro-surgery Department, Hospital de Especialidades CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico;3. Transplant Service, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico;4. Pathology Department, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico;5. Oncology Department, Hospital General de Mexico Dr Eduardo Liceaga, Mexico City, Mexico;1. Neurology Department and UMR 1214 – INSERM/UPS – ToNIC, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Purpan, Place Baylac Toulouse, France 31059;2. Nuclear Medicine Department and UMR 1214 – INSERM/UPS – ToNIC, Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Purpan, Place Baylac, Toulouse, France 31059 |
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| Abstract: | During the last 20 years, cardiac imaging has drastically evolved. Positron emission tomography (PET), fast three-dimensional (3D) imaging with the latest generations of echocardiography & multi-detector computed tomography (CT), stress perfusion assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood flow analysis using four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI, all these techniques offer new trends for optimal noninvasive functional cardiac imaging. Dynamic functional imaging is obtained by acquiring images of the heart at different phases of the cardiac cycle, allowing assessment of cardiac motion, function, and perfusion. Between CT and Cardiac MRI (CMR), CMR has the best temporal resolution, which is suitable for functional imaging while cardiac CT provides higher spatial resolution with isotropic data that have an identical resolution in the three dimensions of the space. The latest generations of CT scanners enable whole heart assessment in one beat, offering also an acceptable temporal resolution with the possibility to display the images in a dynamic mode. Another rapidly growing technique using functional and molecular imaging for the assessment of biological and metabolic pathways is the PET using radio-labeled tracers. Meanwhile, the oldest cardiac imaging tool with doppler ultrasound technology has never stopped evolving. Echocardiography today performs 3D imaging, stress perfusion, and myocardial strain assessment, with high temporal resolution. It still is the first line and more accessible exam for the patient. These different modalities are complementary and may be even combined into PET-CT or PET-MRI. The ability to combine the functional/molecular data with anatomical images may implement a new dimension to our diagnostic tools. |
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