长期载人航天废物燃烧中NOx和CO2的电化学控制

目的 研究长期载人航天任务中NOx和CO2同步还原生成尿素的潜在技术.方法 研究在不同温度、压力下,含0.02 mol/L KNO3及0.2 mol/L KHCO3电解液中Cu/Zn合金电极上CO2电化学还原的行为.结果 压力为0.7 MPa,电解电位为-1.7 V,常温时产生尿素的法拉第效率最大,为35.7%;温度为273 K,电解电位为-1.4 V,常压时产生尿素的法拉第效率最大,为50.7%.结论 长期载人航天任务时,电化学方法用于控制深空任务中固废焚烧产生的NOx和CO2是有效的.

Electrochemical Recycle of NOx and CO2 Emissions from Wastes Incineration for Long-term Manned Space Flight

Objective To develop a potential technology for simultaneous reduction of NOx and CO2 into urea during long-term manned spaceflight.Methods Electrochemical reduction of CO2 in 0.02 mol/L KNO3 aqueous solutions to urea with a Cu/Zn alloy electrode in the presence of 0.2 mol/L KHCO3 was studied under different temperatures and different pressures.Results Under normal ambient temperature,the pressure of 0.7 MPa and the electric potential of-1.7 V,the faradaic efficiency of urea formation reached a maximum value of 35.7%.Under normal ambient pressure,the temperature of 273 K and the potential of-1.4 V,the faradaic efficiency reached the highest value of 50.7%.Conclusion Electrochemical method for the control of NOx and CO2 emissions from solid waste incineration is effective for deep space missions.