肠内营养支持重型颅脑外伤患者的临床护理

目的探讨肠内营养支持重型颅脑外伤患者的临床护理。方法根据患者的生理，病理情况和个人经济条件制定营养计划。采用匀浆膳食和新鲜流质饮食联合使用。结果68例重症颅脑外伤患者中并发症出现率，腹泻31．0％，呕吐19．1％，消化道出血16．1％，误吸13．2％，脱管7．4％，堵管7．4％，采用匀浆膳食和新鲜流质饮食联合使用，患者的体重、握力显著增加。结论肠内营养支持能促进术后患者的蛋白质合成，尽快达到正氮平衡，降低感染性并发症的发生率，并增进患者的神经功能恢复，降低病死率和伤残率。

Clinical Nursing and Enteral Nutrition Support of Patients with Severe Brain Injury

Objective To explore clinical care and enteral nutritional support of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods Nutrition programs were made according to patients＇ physiological and pathological conditions and personal economic conditions. Homogenized meals were in combination of fresh liquid diet. Results Incidence of complications in 68 cases of patients with severe head injury, diarrhea 31.0%, vomiting 19.1%, gastrointestinal bleeding 16.1%, aspiration 13.2%, off pipes 7.4%, blockage of 7.4%; with food and fresh liquid diet homogenate joint use, the patients＇ body weight, grip strength increased significantly. Conclusion Postoperative enteral nutrition support to patients can promote protein synthesis and positive nitrogen balance as quickly as possible to reduce the incidence of infectious complications, so as to improve recovery of neurological function in patients and reduce mortality and disability rates.