蚌埠市中学生父母文化程度与家庭类型对父母控制的影响

  目的  识别大学生问题性社交网络使用的潜在类别，并进一步分析其不同类别与线上社交焦虑和抑郁症状的关联，为制定促进大学生合理使用社交网络的预防措施提供参考。  方法  于2021年5—6月，采用方便整群抽样方法选取辽宁省沈阳市3所高校1 082名在校大学生，采用问题性移动社交网络使用问卷(PMSMUAQ)、线上社交焦虑量表(SAS-SMU)和流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)进行问卷调查，并采用潜在剖面分析及稳健三步法对数据进行分析。  结果  大学生问题性社交网络使用分为适度使用组(31.98%，346名)、轻度依赖组(49.26%，533名)和深度沉迷组(18.76%，203名)3个潜在类别。多项式Logistic回归分析显示，城市学生在深度沉迷组所占比例更大(OR=1.62，P < 0.05);随着每天上网时间的增加，轻度依赖组和深度沉迷组的发生比例上升(OR值分别为1.11，1.20，P值均 < 0.01)。不同问题性社交网络使用类型大学生线上社交焦虑和抑郁症状检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为188.70，62.60，P值均 < 0.01)，深度沉迷组在线上社交焦虑和抑郁症状上得分更高。  结论  大学生问题性社交网络使用存在异质性。为减少线上社交焦虑和抑郁症状的出现，高校教育者和家长应多关注问题性社交网络使用水平较高的学生。

Influence of parental education level and family type on parental control among middle school students in Bengbu

  Objective  To explore the influence of parents' educational level and family type on the level of parental control, so as to lay a foundation for improving parental education and promoting adolescents' mental and physical health.  Methods  In April 2019, random cluster sampling was used to select 1 046 students in junior and senior high schools in Bengbu. Information was collected through the Chinese version of Parental Control Questionnaire, and SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis was used.  Results  Mother's behavioral control and mother's educational level were significantly positively correlated(r=0.18), father's behavioral control and father's education level were significantly positively correlated(r=0.16). There was a significant positive correlation between the total score of maternal control and mother's education level(r=0.16). The total score of father's control was positively correlated with the education level of the fathers(r=0.12)(P < 0.05). There was significant differences between the parents with different education level on parental control(H=16.93, 32.21, P < 0.05). The score on parents behavioral control with primary school education or without education low among the parents with other education levels. There were differences between different family types in the total score of parental control(F=2.63, 3.55, P < 0.05). Compared with extended families and nuclear families, single-parent families total scored had significantly lower in father's control, and single-parent families total scored significantly lower in mother's control scores than extended families. Parents' educational level and family type had significantly predicted effect on parental behavioral control.  Conclusion  Parents' educational level and family type have an influence on parents' psychological and behavioral control, and have a predictive effect on parents' control level. Parental control levels should be improved by improving the family's upbringing environment.