深圳市2019年中学生健康素养水平及影响因素分析

  目的  了解深圳市中学生的健康素养水平及其影响因素，为进一步制定针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。  方法  于2019年10—12月，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法在深圳市10个区抽取7 423名中学生进行问卷调查，采用多因素线性回归分析影响健康素养及各维度得分的因素。  结果  被试学生健康素养总得分为(107.39±22.31)分，其中体力活动(16.81±5.28)分、人际关系(20.69±4.10)分、压力管理(21.64±5.53)分、精神成长(14.93±3.96)分、健康意识(15.61±4.96)分和营养(17.71±4.65)分。多因素线性回归分析显示，女生、普通高中和职业高中、非住校生与中学生健康素养呈负相关(B值分别为-3.04，-7.72，-9.99，-3.85)，父、母亲受教育程度高与中学生健康素养得分呈正相关(B值分别为1.56，2.78)(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  深圳市中学生具有较高的健康素养水平，与学校类型、父母亲受教育程度等因素有关。建议进一步采取措施提高中学生的健康素养水平。

Analysis of health literacy and associated factors among middle school students in Shenzhen in 2019

  Objective  To understand health literacy and its associated factors among middle school students in Shenzhen, to provide scientific basis for further formulating targeted intervention measures.  Methods  From October to December, 2019, 7 423 middle school students in 10 districts of Shenzhen were selected by multistage stratified random cluster sampling. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze factors affecting health literacy and scores in each dimensions.  Results  The total score for health literacy was(107.39±22.31), including physical activity(16.81±5.28), interpersonal relationship(20.69±4.10), stress management(21.64±5.53), spiritual growth(14.93±3.96), health awareness (15.61±4.96) and nutrition(17.71±4.65). According to the multivariate linear regression analysis, girls, general and vocational high schools, educational level of parents and boarding in school were significantly associated with health literacy of middle school students(B=-3.04, -7.72, -9.99, 1.56, 2.78, -3.85, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Middle school students in Shenzhen have a high level of health literacy, which is related to school type and parental educational background. It is suggested that measures should be taken to improve the health literacy of middle school students.