河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖流行特征及相关因素分析

  目的  了解河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖的流行特征以及相关因素，为制定并执行幼儿肥胖防治策略提供参考依据。  方法  采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，抽取河北省11个地市共6 034名3~6岁幼儿作为调查对象，进行体格检查和问卷调查。  结果  河北省3~6岁男、女幼儿的肥胖检出率分别为23.00%和17.48%，差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.51，P＜0.01)；乡村和少数民族幼儿的肥胖检出率(20.06%，21.68%)分别高于城镇和汉族幼儿(19.97%，20.90%)，差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.01，0.78，P值均>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，男生(OR=1.45)、出生时体重≥4 000 g(OR=2.80)、每周吃高油脂食品≥3次(OR=1.64)、每周喝碳酸饮料≥3次(OR=4.71)、不喜欢吃水果蔬菜(OR=1.22)、每天进行身体活动＜2 h(OR=1.82)、母亲肥胖(OR=2.00)、父亲不参加体育锻炼(OR=1.95)均与河北省幼儿肥胖发生呈正相关(P值均＜0.01)。  结论  河北省3~6岁幼儿的肥胖检出率处在较高水平，遗传、不良饮食和生活习惯是幼儿肥胖的相关因素。需要加大对健康知识和幼儿肥胖危害的宣传力度，帮助幼儿养成健康的饮食和生活习惯。

Prevalence and associated factor of obesity in children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province

  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of obesity in children aged 3-6 years old in Hebei Province, and to provide a reference for childhood obesity prevention and control strategies.  Methods  A total of 6 034 children aged 3-6 years were randomly selected from 11 cities in Hebei Province for physical examination and questionnaire survey.  Results  The prevalence of obesity in 3-6-year-old boys and girls in Hebei Province were 23.00% and 17.48%, which differed significantly (χ2=28.51, P < 0.01); The prevalence of obesity was higher in rural areas and children with ethnic minorities (20.06%, 21.68%) than that of urban are and Han children (19.97%, 20.09%), with no significant differences (χ2=0.01, 0.78, P > 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that boys(OR=1.45), birth weight no less than 4 000 g (OR=2.80), high-fat food consumption at least 3 times a week (OR=1.64), carbonated drinks consumption at least 3 times a week (OR=4.71), insufficient fruits and vegetables consumption (OR=1.22), physical activities less than 2 hours per day (OR=1.82), maternal obesity (OR=2.0), and lack of physical exercise of fathers (OR=1.95) were significantly associated with higher risk for obesity among young children in Hebei Province (P < 0.01).  Conclusion  The prevalence of obesity among children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province is at a high level at present. Many factors contribute to this epidemic such as genetics, poor diet and living habits. Promotion of healthy eating and lifestyle, as well as dissemination of reliable knowledge about childhood obesity are greatly needed.