安徽省中小学生含糖饮料摄入情况及与超重肥胖的关联

  目的  分析安徽省中小学生含糖饮料摄入情况及不同类型含糖饮料与超重肥胖的关联，为相关部门制定适宜的防控政策提供参考依据。  方法  于2020年10—11月，在安徽省34个县区内采用多阶段整群抽样方法抽取51 069名中小学生进行体格检查和问卷调查。采用主成分分析法提取含糖饮料的偏好模式，并采用Logistic回归模型分析含糖饮料偏好模式与超重肥胖的关联。  结果  调查的学生中，67.75%报告在过去1周曾摄入含糖饮料，含乳饮料为学生摄入最频繁的饮料，39.91%的学生摄入≥1次/周。通过主成分分析法，提取了4种含糖饮料摄入偏好模式，多因素分析结果显示，调整后模式1(碳酸饮料、茶饮料和功能性饮料)、模式4(咖啡饮料)与超重肥胖的发生风险增加相关(OR_模式1=1.09，95%CI=1.07~1.11;OR_模式4=1.04, 95%CI=1.02~1.05)、模式3(含乳饮料)与风险降低相关(OR=0.97，95%CI=0.95~0.99)(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  安徽省中小学生含糖饮料摄入频率较高，多种类型含糖饮料与超重肥胖风险增加相关。建议相关部门采取适宜的有效措施减少中小学生含糖饮料的摄入。

Association of sugar-sweetened beverages intake with overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province

  Objective  To analyze the association of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province, so as to provide basis for formulating proper prevention and control policies.  Methods  From October to November 2020, 51 069 primary and middle school students from 34 counties in Anhui Province were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method for physical examination and questionnaire survey. Principal component analysis was used to obtain the consumption patterns of SSBs. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between consumption patterns of SSBs and overweight and obesity.  Results  In the students surveyed, 67.75% of them reported SSBs consumption in the past week, with milk beverages being the most frequently consumed drinks, with 39.91% of the students consumed more than or equal to once a week, 4 preferred patterns of SSBs intake were extracted by principal component analysis. The result of multivariate analysis showed that pattern 1 (carbonated beverages, tea beverages and functional beverages) and pattern 4 (coffee beverages) were associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity (OR₁=1.09, 95%CI=1.07-1.11; OR₄=1.04, 95%CI=1.02-1.05), pattern 3 (milk beverages) was associated with a decreased risk(OR=0.97, 95%CI=0.95-0.99)(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The intake frequency of SSBs is high among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province, and the intake of multiple types of SSBs is associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity. It is suggested that relevant departments take appropriate and effective measures to reduce the consumption of SSBs among primary and middle school students.