Comparative Relevance of Physical Fitness and Adiposity on Life Expectancy: A UK Biobank Observational Study |
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| Institution: | 1. Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, United Kingdom;2. University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, United Kingdom;3. NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom;4. NIHR Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) East Midlands, United Kingdom;1. Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;2. British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;3. Centre for Exercise Physiology Research (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile;1. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;1. Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;2. British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;3. Centre of Exercise Physiology Research (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Chile;4. Research Group in Education, Physical Activity and Health (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile;1. Division of Urology, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;2. Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;3. Harvard Business School, Boston, MA;4. Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, CA;1. Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;3. Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;4. Department of Health Services Research, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;5. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland;6. Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland;7. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo investigate the extent to which 2 measures of physical fitness—walking pace and handgrip strength—are associated with life expectancy across different levels of adiposity, as the relative importance of physical fitness and adiposity on health outcomes is still debated.Patients and MethodsUsual walking pace (self-defined as slow, steady/average, brisk), dynamometer-assessed handgrip strength, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body-fat percentage determined at baseline in the UK Biobank prospective cohort study (March 13, 2006, to January 31, 2016). Life expectancy was estimated at 45 years of age.ResultsThe median age and BMI of the 474,919 participants included in this analysis were 58.2 years and 26.7 kg/m2, respectively; over a median follow-up of 6.97 years, 12,823 deaths occurred. Participants reporting brisk walking pace had longer life expectancies across all levels of BMIs, ranging from 86.7 to 87.8 years in women and 85.2 to 86.8 years in men. Conversely, subjects reporting slow walking pace had shorter life expectancies, being the lowest observed in slow walkers with a BMI less than 20 kg/m2 (women: 72.4 years; men: 64.8 years). Smaller, less consistent differences in life expectancy were observed between participants with high and low handgrip strength, particularly in women. The same pattern of results was observed for waist circumference or body-fat percentage.ConclusionBrisk walkers were found to have longer life expectancies, which was constant across different levels and indices of adiposity. These findings could help clarify the relative importance of physical fitness and adiposity on mortality. |
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