广西桂林市2001—2020年HIV阳性育龄妇女流行病学特征

目的 分析2001—2020年桂林市HIV（human immunodeficiency virus）阳性育龄妇女流行病学特征,了解其特征变化情况,为艾滋病防控提供科学依据。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病综合防治信息系统中抽取2001—2020年新报告病例,收集相关病例人口学资料、流行病学资料、首次CD4检测等相关数据进行整理分析。结果 2001—2020年桂林市共报告 HIV 阳性育龄妇女1 803人,占新发现报告病例的 12.8% （1 803/14 038）,占女性病例的 44.9%（1 803/4 019）,2001—2005年,2006—2010年,2011—2015年,2016—2020年分别报告44例,572例,709例,478例,呈现前10年快速增加后10年稳中有降的特点,年龄以30~<40 岁年龄组为主（33.4%）,已婚有配偶的HIV 阳性育龄妇女占全部育龄妇女的65.1%,职业为农民占58.5%,文化程度在初中以下者占84.1%,HIV 阳性育龄妇女以异性性接触被感染占95.3%,发现途径主要来自咨询检测占45.8%,病例首次检查CD4细胞低于450 个/μL占82.9%。结论 桂林市 HIV阳性育龄妇女年发现病例数及所占比例近五年呈现下降趋势。其在人口学基本特征、感染途径及其他艾滋病相关特征方面均发生了较大改变,需根据新的流行特征探索新的宣传教育及其他防控策略。

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive reproductive-age women in Guilin,Guangxi, 2001-2020

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive reproductive women in Guilin, 2001-2020, to explore changes in these characteristics, and to provide a scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control. Methods The information of newly reported cases from 2001 to 2020, was collected from the Chinese National HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Information System. Demographic characteristics, epidemiological information, the first CD4 count and the other relative data were analyzed. Results There were 1 803 reported cases of HIV-positive women of reproductive age from 2001 to 2020, which accounted for 12.8% (1 803/14 038) and 44.9% (1 803/4 019) among newly reported cases and women cases, respectively. 2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015, 2016-2020 reported 44, 572, 709, 478 cases respectively, which showed the rapidly increasing trend in the first ten years and steady decline in the next ten years. The majority were aged 30-<40 (33.4%), married (65.1%), farmer (58.5%). 84.1% of the participants had an education level below junior high school. 95.3% were infected by heterosexual transmission. 45.8% came from voluntary counselling and testing clinics. CD4 cells of 82.9% cases were lower than 450 cells/μL for the first test. Conclusions In Guilin, the number of HIV-positive reproductive-age women and the proportion of cases found in each year have shown a downward trend in the past five years. It has undergone major changes in basic demographic characteristics, infection routes, and other AIDS-related characteristics. Based on new epidemiological characteristics, new propaganda education and other prevention and control strategies need to be investigated, as well.