新型等温扩增技术应用于疟原虫等寄生虫快速诊断的研究进展

当前常用基于PCR原理的核酸检测技术来检测疟原虫，疟原虫检测方法主要包括镜检法、抗原免疫检测法和核酸检测法等。但由于存在检测时间长、人员和设备要求高等缺点，限制了其在基层的推广应用。特别是基层普遍缺乏经验丰富的专业技术人员和高端仪器设备，此外在极端环境下快速检测大规模样品的需求等对现存疟原虫检测方法造成了挑战。近年来发展起来的等温扩增技术由于具有简便、快速、灵敏性和特异性高等优点，具有潜在的应用前景。本综述介绍了试对各类等温扩增技术的原理、特点和前景等，并在此基础上重点综述重组酶聚合酶扩增技术（recombinase polymerase amplification, RPA）与重组酶介导的等温扩增技术（recombinase-aided isothermal amplification assay, RAA），并提出利用这类重组酶扩增技术，实现常见疟原虫种快速、精确诊断的可能。

Research progress of new isothermal amplification technology in rapid diagnosis of Plasmodium and other parasites

At present, nucleic acid detection technology based on the PCR principle is commonly used to detect malaria parasites, the existing Plasmodium detection methods mainly include microscopy, antigen immunoassay, and nucleic acid detection,but due to the long detection time, high personnel and equipment requirements, and other shortcomings, its popularization, and application at the grassroots level are limited. What challenges previous Plasmodium detection methods are the lack of experienced professionals and advanced equipment at the grassroots as well as the requirement of rapid detection of large samples under extreme conditions. The isothermal amplification technology developed in recent years has potential application prospects due to its simplicity, rapidity, high sensitivity, and high specificity. This article attempts to review the principles, characteristics, and prospects of various isothermal amplification technologies, and on this basis, focuses on the introduction of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay technologies and proposes the use of such recombinant enzyme amplification technologies to achieve rapid and accurate diagnosis of common Plasmodium species possibility and imagination.