不同体质量指数世居藏族大学生移居平原初期肝脏功能变化

  目的  探讨不同体质量指数(BMI)的世居高原藏族大学生移居平原初期肝脏功能变化规律，为世居高原藏族脱适应研究提供科学依据和理论基础。  方法  选取从高原(西藏)初入平原(陕西)的3 035名藏族大学生为研究对象，进行脱适应症状筛查。将受试者分为体重偏轻、体重正常、超重及肥胖4组，分别于初入平原3，6，9 d检测肝脏功能指标。采用χ2检验比较各组肝功能指标异常率，采用二元Logistic回归分析BMI与肝功能指标异常的关系。  结果  超重藏族男生与肥胖藏族男女生的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)，超重藏族男生和肥胖藏族女生的总胆汁酸(TBA)在脱适应初期均高于体重正常组(P值均 < 0.05)。在脱适应3，6，9 d，指标总体呈上升趋势的包括超重组男、女生直接胆红素(DBIL)、肥胖组女生血清总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLOB)(P值均 < 0.05)。超重组男生ALT(13.9%)，肥胖组男、女生ALT(34.3%，26.7%)、GGT(11.4%，13.3%)和女生AST(10.0%)肝功能指标异常率高于体重偏轻(2.8%，3.5%，0，1.0%，1.5%)、正常组(3.5%，3.4%，0.9%，3.6%，4.1%)(χ2值分别为48.07，20.55，20.55，17.93，10.23，P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示，在校正年龄和性别因素后，超重与ALT(OR=2.10，95%CI=1.20~3.62)异常呈正相关，肥胖与ALT(OR=5.50，95%CI=4.23~7.40)、GGT(OR=4.10，95%CI=2.03~6.74)异常均呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  世居高原藏族大学生移居平原初期，肝脏功能指标变化与BMI相关。超重肥胖者肝功能损伤指标异常率较高。肥胖高危人群从高原移居平原地区时需进行健康检查及医务监督。

Changes in liver function of Tibetans with different BMI during the early stage of migration to plain

  Objective  To explore the changes in liver function of Tibetan youth living in plateau with different body mass index (BMI) during the early stage of migration to the plain, and to provide scientific basis for high attitude de-adaptation.  Methods  A total of 3 035 Tibetan youth who firstly migrated to the plain (Shaanxi) from the plateau (Tibet) were selected as the research subjects, and were screened for symptoms of plateau de-adaptation. Participants were divided into four groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese, and received liver function test on the 3rd, 6th, 9th dayafter migration, respectively. Chi-square test was used to detect the abnormal rate of liver function indicators among each group, and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between BMI and abnormal liver function indicators.  Results  The alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) of overweight Tibetan male and obese Tibetan male and female adolescents, the total bile acid (TBA) of overweight Tibetan male and obese Tibetan female were higher than those of the normal weight group at the early stage of de-adaptation(P < 0.05). With the de-adaptation for 3, 6, 9 days, the indexes showed an overall upward trend, including: direct bilirubin (DBIL) in overweight male and female adolescents, total protein (TP) and globulose (GLOB) in obese female adolescents(P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of overweight group (male ALT: 13.9%), obesity group (male and female ALT, GGT: 34.3%, 26.7%, 11.4%, 13.3%; female AST: 10.0%) was significantly higher than that in underweight (2.8%, 3.5%, 0, 1.0%, 1.5%) and normal group(3.5%, 3.4%, 0.9%, 3.6%, 4.1%)(χ2=48.07, 20.55, 20.55, 17.93, 10.23, P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and gender, overweight was positively correlated with abnormal ALT(OR=2.10, 95%CI=1.20-3.62). Obesity was positively correlated with abnormal ALT(OR=5.50, 95%CI=4.23-7.40) and GGT(OR=4.10, 95%CI=2.03-6.74)(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  During the early stage of migration to the plain among Tibetan youth living on the plateau, changes in liver function indicators are related to BMI. Overweight and obese Tibetans have a higher abnormal rate of liver damage indicators. It is suggested that individuals with high risk of obesity should undergo health examination and medical supervision when migrates from plateau to plain.