幼儿园大班儿童性相关知信行及影响因素

  目的  了解泸州市大班幼儿性相关知信行情况及其影响因素，为开展全面幼儿性教育提供参考依据。  方法  于2022年1月，采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，对泸州24所幼儿园的1 438名大班幼儿及其家长进行性相关知信行的问卷调查。  结果  大班幼儿性相关知信行良好率为27.2%，91.0%的幼儿知道不能让别人看/摸自己的隐私部位，88.0%的幼儿能够正确说出生命的来源，35.1%的幼儿能够正确完整地指出男/女隐私部位的位置，11.5%的幼儿认为女孩不可以玩玩具手枪和1.2%的幼儿认为男孩不能穿裙子。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，公立幼儿园、女生、≥6岁、母亲文化程度为大专/本科及以上、家长性教育态度积极/行为良好的幼儿性相关知信行良好率更高(OR值分别为1.69，1.74，1.86，1.37，1.32，1.48，P值均＜0.05)。  结论  大班幼儿性相关知信行良好率不高，幼儿在防性侵和生命教育方面掌握情况更好。要注重家长对幼儿性教育态度和行为的作用，重点关注私立幼儿园、低年龄段、母亲文化程度低、男童的幼儿性教育，加强幼儿性生理知识和性别平等教育。

Sex-related knowledge,attitude and practice and influencing factors in senior kindergarten children

  Objective  To understand the sex-related knowledge, attitude and practice of senior kindergarten children in Luzhou and its influencing factors, and to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive early childhood sexuality education.  Methods  In January 2022, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 438 large-class children and their parents in 24 kindergartens in Luzhou.  Results  The eligible rate of sex-related knowledge, attitude and practice of senior kindergarten children was 27.2%. About 91.0% of children knew that they should not let others see/touch their private parts, 88.0% of children could correctly name the source of life, 35.1% of children could correctly and completely point out the location of male/female private parts and 11.5% of children believed that girls could not play with toy pistols and 1.2% of children thought boys should not wear skirts. The results of multivariate analysis showed that public kindergarten, girls, ≥6 years old, high maternal education (college/undergraduate or above), parental sexuality education with positive attitude/good behavior were associated with high sex-related knowledge, attitude and practice(OR=1.69, 1.74, 1.86, 1.37, 1.32, 1.48, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Sex-related knowledge, attitude, and practice among senior kindergarten children is insufficient, however, knowledge regarding sexual assault prevention and life education is sufficient. It is necessary to pay attention to the role of parents' attitudes and behaviors in child sexuality education, especially among boys, children from private kindergartens, as well as those with young age or low maternal education.